Explore topic-wise fullforms in Computer and Networking

INFO: Full form for SECOFI is Mexican Ministry of Commerce and Industrial Development in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for SMDM is Short Message Delivery Multipoint Bearer Service in Computer and Networking category
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The Simple Gateway Control Protocol (SGCP) is a communications protocol used within a voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) system. It has been superseded by the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP), another implementation of the media gateway control protocol architecture.

The Simple Gateway Control Protocol was published in several Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) draft versions between May and July 1998 by Mauricio Arango and Christian Huitema, at Telcordia Technologies (formerly Bellcore). The protocol architecture decomposes a telecommunications gateway located at the boundary between the public switched telephone network and an Internet Protocol (IP) network, such as the Internet, into a media gateway controller (MGC) on the IP network, providing call and device control, and multiple media gateways (MGs) that handle the actual media conversion to the analog or digital circuits of the PSTN, or simply connect residential telephones. Other implementations of the architecture refer to the controller as a softswitch. Communication between multiple media gateway controllers is handled by other protocols, such as the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).

Shortly after its publication, SGCP was merged with the Internet Protocol Device Control (IPDC) proposal sponsored by Level3 Communications in the Fall of 1998. This led to the definition of the Media Gateway Control Protocol, jointly submitted to the IETF by the authors of SGCP and IPDC in October 1998. MGCP was used as a conceptual basis with additions from the Media Gateway Device Protocol by Lucent resulting in the Megaco/H.248 protocol, which gained formal standards-level status at the IETF and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

The Viterbi algorithm is a dynamic programming algorithm for obtaining the maximum a posteriori probability estimate of the most likely sequence of hidden states—called the Viterbi path—that results in a sequence of observed events, especially in the context of Markov information sources and hidden Markov models (HMM).

The algorithm has found universal application in decoding the convolutional codes used in both CDMA and GSM digital cellular, dial-up modems, satellite, deep-space communications, and 802.11 wireless LANs. It is now also commonly used in speech recognition, speech synthesis, diarization, keyword spotting, computational linguistics, and bioinformatics. For example, in speech-to-text (speech recognition), the acoustic signal is treated as the observed sequence of events, and a string of text is considered to be the "hidden cause" of the acoustic signal. The Viterbi algorithm finds the most likely string of text given the acoustic signal.

INFO: Full form for RTS-CTS is Request to Send - Clear to Send in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for SGMM is MultiMedia Study Group in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for SAID is Serving Area ID in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for SQCIF is Sub-QCIF in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for STMR is Sidetone Masking Rating in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for RTLM is Real Time Link Management in Computer and Networking category
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The Security Industry Association (SIA), based in Silver Spring, Maryland, is a U.S. trade association, founded in 1969, representing electronic and physical security solutions providers. The organization today represents nearly 900 firms and organizations in the security industry and in 2017, the association expanded membership to include an academic category open to students and faculty members.

SIA protects and advances the interests of its member companies by advocating pro-industry policies and legislation at the federal and state levels; creating open industry standards that enable integration; advancing industry professionalism through education and training; opening global market opportunities; and fostering collaboration with other like-minded organizations.

In support of those goals, SIA sponsors the International Security Conference and Expo (ISC) trade shows—ISC West and ISC East—in partnership with ISC Events.

Since 2010, SIA has presented Securing New Ground (SNG), an annual two-day conference for executives in the security industry. The organization also produces the annual government security conference SIA GovSummit, which has addressed federal and state security topics, as well as national issues such a school security.

The organization is led by a volunteer board of directors and an executive committee and is supported by a staff of nearly 20. In November 2011, Don Erickson became the chief executive officer SIA following the hasty departure of R. Walden Chace for excessive spending and collaboration with Reed Exhibitions. Previously, Erickson served as SIA Director of Government Relations.

SIA's industry activities generally fall under one of three divisions of the association: SIA Education, SIA International Relations, SIA Government Relations and SIA Standards.

The Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) is a trade association and lobbying group founded in 1977 that represents the United States semiconductor industry. It is located in Washington, D.C.

One of the main achievements of the SIA was the creation of the first National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, in the early 1990s.

INFO: Full form for RBER is Residual Bit Error Rate in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for RTT is Radio Transmission Technologies in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for SGCI is Simple Gateway Control Interface in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for SAPI is Service Access Point Identifier in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for SIPTEL is Session Initiation Profile for Internet Telephony, an IETF BoF group, which was a precurser in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for RTX is Request Retransmission in Computer and Networking category
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A vertical service code (VSC) is a sequence of digits and the signals star (*) and number sign (#) dialed on a telephone keypad or rotary dial to enable or disable certain telephone service features. Some vertical service codes require dialing of a telephone number after the code sequence. On a touch tone telephone, the codes are usually initiated with the star key, resulting in the commonly used name star codes. On rotary dial telephones, the star is replaced by dialing 11.

In North American telephony, VSCs were developed by AT&T Corp. as Custom Local Area Signaling Services (CLASS or LASS) codes in the 1960s and 70s. Their use became ubiquitous throughout the 1990s and eventually became a recognized standard. As CLASS was an AT&T trademark, the term vertical service code was adopted by the North American Numbering Plan Administration. The use of vertical is a somewhat dated reference to older switching methods and the fact that these services can only be accessed by a local telephone subscriber, going up (vertically) inside the local central office instead of out (horizontally) to another telephone company.

The University of British Columbia (UBC) is a public research university with campuses in Vancouver and Kelowna, British Columbia. Established in 1908, UBC is British Columbia's oldest university. The university ranks among the top three universities in Canada. With an annual research budget of $600 million, UBC funds over 8,000 projects a year.

The Vancouver campus is situated adjacent to the University Endowment Lands located about 10 km (6 mi) west of downtown Vancouver. UBC is home to TRIUMF, Canada's national laboratory for particle and nuclear physics, which houses the world's largest cyclotron. In addition to the Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies and Stuart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, UBC and the Max Planck Society collectively established the first Max Planck Institute in North America, specializing in quantum materials. One of the largest research libraries in Canada, the UBC Library system has over 9.9 million volumes among its 21 branches. The Okanagan campus, acquired in 2005, is located in Kelowna, British Columbia.

Eight Nobel laureates, 71 Rhodes scholars, 65 Olympians, ten fellows in both American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the Royal Society, and 273 fellows to the Royal Society of Canada have been affiliated with UBC. Three Canadian prime ministers, including Canada's first female prime minister, Kim Campbell, and current prime minister, Justin Trudeau, have been educated at UBC.

INFO: Full form for URQ is Unregistration Request in Computer and Networking category
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The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE or UNECE) is one of the five regional commissions under the jurisdiction of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It was established in order to promote economic cooperation and integrations among its member States.

The commission is composed of 56 member States, most of which are based in Europe, as well as a few outside of Europe. Its transcontinental Eurasian or non-European member States include: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Canada, Georgia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, the United States of America and Uzbekistan.

INFO: Full form for UTAM is Unlicensed Transition and Management in Computer and Networking category
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The Uniform Building Code (UBC) was a building code used primarily in the western United States.

INFO: Full form for NSRP is Numbered SRP response frames in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NRIC is National Reliability and Interoperability Commission in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NTRAC is New Technical Regulations Approval Committee (former TRAC), ETSI in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for NRZI is Non-Return to Zero on Ones in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NMAG is Network Management Ad hoc Group in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for NYCE is Certification Body accredited by SECOFI (Mexico) in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NCaps is Capabilities with No sub-fields in Computer and Networking category
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The InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITS), (pronounced "insights"), is an ANSI-accredited standards development organization composed of Information technology developers. It was formerly known as the X3 and NCITS.

INCITS is the central U.S. forum dedicated to creating technology standards. INCITS is accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and is affiliated with the Information Technology Industry Council, a global policy advocacy organization that represents U.S. and global innovation companies.

INCITS coordinates technical standards activity between ANSI in the US and joint ISO/IEC committees worldwide. This provides a mechanism to create standards that will be implemented in many nations. As such, INCITS' executive board also serves as ANSI's Technical Advisory Group for ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1. JTC 1 is responsible for International standardization in the field of information technology.INCITS operates through consensus.

National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) is a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) program in the USA which provides an unbiased third-party test and evaluation program to accredit laboratories in their respective fields to the ISO 17025 standard. NVLAP is in compliance with ISO 17011.

INFO: Full form for OAM&P is Operations, Administration, Maintenance & Provisioning in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OA&M is Operations, Administration, and Maintenance in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for NSIE is Network Security Information Exchange in Computer and Networking category
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Network-based Call Signaling (NCS) is a profile of the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) for use in PacketCable applications for voice-over-IP.

A network implementing NCS is designed according to the media gateway control protocol architecture for interconnecting a packet network with the traditional public switched telephone network (PSTN). This architecture physically decomposes the functionality of providing complete end-to-end multimedia telecommunication sessions into several discrete components, notably a media gateway (MG) located at the customer premises that performs the physical translation between analog voice or video streams to packetized digital data, and a media gateway controller (MGC) which is a centralized server that controls typically many media gateways and manages the complexity of call setup, resource negotiation, call routing, and tear-down. In addition, the architecture also uses signaling gateways to the traditional telecommunication channels, such as SS7-based networks.

Like MGCP, NCP is a device control protocol defining the interaction between the MGC, also called a call agent, and its media gateways. It is one layer of the PacketCable suite of specifications and relies upon companion protocol specifications to provide complete end-to-end telecommunication functionality.

Network-based Call Signaling is a modification of the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP).

NCS provides a PacketCable profile of an application programming interface (MGCI), and a corresponding protocol (MGCP) for controlling voice-over-IP (VoIP) embedded clients from external call control elements. An embedded client is a network element that provides:

MGCI functions provide for connection control, endpoint control, auditing, and status reporting. They each use the same system model and the same naming conventions.

The modification of MGCP in the NCS profile include the following: NCS only aims at supporting PacketCable-embedded clients. Functionality present in the MGCP 1.0 protocol, which was superfluous to NCS, has been removed. It contains extensions and modifications to MGCP. However, the MGCP architecture, and all of the MGCP constructs relevant to embedded clients, are preserved in NCS. The NCS protocol contains minor simplifications of MGCP 1.0.

INFO: Full form for NOI is Notice of Inquiry in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for O&NM is Operations and Network Management working group (DSL Forum) in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for NCS is Nurse Call System in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OBP is On-Board Processing in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NSTAC is National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for NO is PROBLEM NOn PROprietary reliaBLe Electronic Mail in Computer and Networking category
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The National Television System Committee (NTSC) developed the analog television color system that was introduced in North America in 1954 and stayed in use until digital conversion. It is one of three major analog color television standards, the others being PAL and SECAM. All the countries using NTSC are currently in the process of conversion, or have already converted to the ATSC standard, or to DVB, ISDB or DTMB.

This page primarily discusses the NTSC color encoding system. The articles on broadcast television systems and analog television further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation. NTSC video is composite video because the luminance (luma, monochrome image) and chrominance (chroma, color applied to the monochrome image) are transmitted together as one signal. Often, the 480i (480 interlaced horizontal lines) video format is synonymous with NTSC video.

INFO: Full form for OCG is Operational Coordination Group (ETSI) in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OCG is Overall Coordination Group in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OAN is Optical Access Network in Computer and Networking category
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A protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) is a structured document which asserts which specific requirements are met by a given implementation of a protocol standard. It is often completed as a record of formal protocol conformance test results, and some automated testing systems machine-author a PICS as output. A potential buyer or user of the implementation can consult the PICS to determine if it meets their requirements.

PICS may be used with TTCN-3.

In telecommunications, a network interface device (NID; also known by several other names) is a device that serves as the demarcation point between the carrier's local loop and the customer's premises wiring. Outdoor telephone NIDs also provide the subscriber with access to the station wiring and serve as a convenient test point for verification of loop integrity and of the subscriber's inside wiring.

INFO: Full form for PLI is Power Line Interference in Computer and Networking category
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