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INFO: Full form for IFRD is Institute For Fuel Research And Development in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for ICTAP is Interagency Career Transition Assistance Plan in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for IIFC is Indian Institutions and Fermilab Collaboration in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for IIFC is Indian Institutions Fermilab Collaboration in Governmental category
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North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. It borders China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu (Amnok) and Tumen rivers, and South Korea to the south at the Korean Demilitarized Zone. Its western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its eastern border is defined by the Sea of Japan. North Korea, like its southern counterpart, claims to be the legitimate government of the entire peninsula and adjacent islands. Pyongyang is the country's capital and largest city.

In 1910, Korea was annexed by the Empire of Japan. In 1945, after the Japanese surrender at the end of World War II, Korea was divided into two zones along the 38th parallel, with the north occupied by the Soviet Union and the south occupied by the United States. Negotiations on reunification failed, and in 1948, separate governments were formed: the socialist DPRK in the north, and the capitalist First Republic of Korea in the south. The formation of the DPRK came from a number of provisional governments: the People's Republic of Korea (PRK), the Soviet Civil Administration (SCA), the Provisional People's Committee of North Korea, and the People's Committee of North Korea. The Korean War began in 1950, with an invasion by North Korea, and lasted to 1953. The Korean Armistice Agreement brought about a ceasefire and established a demilitarized zone (DMZ), but no formal peace treaty was ever signed.

According to Article 1 of the state constitution, North Korea is an "independent socialist state". It holds elections, though they have been described by independent observers as sham elections, as North Korea is a totalitarian dictatorship, with an elaborate cult of personality around the Kim dynasty: Il-sung, Jong-il, and current leader Jong-un. The Workers' Party of Korea, led by a member of the ruling family, is the dominant party and leads the Democratic Front for the Reunification of Korea, of which all political officers are required to be members.

According to Article 3 of the constitution, Juche is the official ideology of North Korea. The means of production are owned by the state through state-run enterprises and collectivized farms. Most services—such as healthcare, education, housing, and food production—are subsidized or state-funded. From 1994 to 1998, North Korea suffered a famine that resulted in the deaths of between 240,000 and 420,000 people, and the population continues to suffer from malnutrition.

North Korea follows Songun, or "military first" policy, for its Korean People's Army. It possesses nuclear weapons, and is the country with the second highest number of military and paramilitary personnel, with a total of 7.769 million active, reserve, and paramilitary personnel, or approximately 30% of its population. Its active duty army of 1.28 million soldiers is the fourth-largest in the world, consisting of 5% of its population. A 2014 inquiry by the United Nations into abuses of human rights in North Korea concluded that "the gravity, scale and nature of these violations reveal a state that does not have any parallel in the contemporary world," with Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch holding similar views. The North Korean government denies these abuses. Nonetheless, in addition to being a member of the United Nations since 1991, North Korea is also a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, G77, and the ASEAN Regional Forum.

INFO: Full form for FOCSA is Federation Of Chinese Scholars in Australia in Governmental category
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The Barrett Optical Ranging System (BORS) is an integrated ballistics computer manufactured by Barrett Firearms that aids snipers and long-range marksmen in taking precise and accurate shots. The system mounts directly to the riflescope and couples with the elevation knob. With the aid of the BORS, marksmen can rapidly account for temperature, barometric pressure and aiming at an upward or downward angle.

INFO: Full form for AFSD is Air Force Space Division in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for FTCI is Federation of Tibetan Cooperatives in India in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for FNJ is Federation of Nepali Journalists in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for PICG is Pakistan Institute Of Corporate Governance in Governmental category
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The Fridtjof Nansen Institute (FNI) is an independent research foundation specializing in research on international environmental, energy and resource management issues, including political and legal aspects.

The institute is named after the Norwegian Arctic explorer, scientist, diplomat and Nobel Peace Prize laureate Fridtjof Nansen. It is situated in Nansen's old mansion, Polhøgda, in Bærum municipality outside Oslo.

INFO: Full form for FNI is Field Neurosciences Institute in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for FNI is Florey Neuroscience Institutes in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for FMCB is Fiscal Management Control Board in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for UMEI is University of Michigan Energy Institute in Governmental category
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International Law Enforcement Academies (ILEAs) are international police academies administered by the U.S. Department of State where U.S. law enforcement can instruct local police from participating countries in counterterrorism, narcotics interdiction, detection of fraudulent documents, and border control practices. They were established in 1995 by US President Clinton as a means of bringing together international law enforcement to reduce crime, combat terrorism, and share in knowledge and training.

Presently, there are four regional ILEAs located around the world: ILEA San Salvador in El Salvador, ILEA Budapest in Hungary, ILEA Bangkok in Thailand, and ILEA Gaborone in Botswana. A fifth facility, ILEA Roswell in New Mexico, USA, focuses on advanced leadership and the legal/policy frameworks necessary to facilitate effective law enforcement within the parameters of respecting civil and human rights of their citizens. Additionally, there is an affiliated Regional Training Center in Accra, Ghana.

Thirteen federal law enforcement agencies participate in the ILEA program, and select metropolitan police departments are sourced for their areas of expertise. Participating agencies include DSS, DEA, ATF, FBI, ICE, FLETC, DOI, IRS-CI, among others.

Instructors and active agents teach courses on subjects such as physical security for installations, transnational investigations, post-blast investigations, countering wildlife trafficking, anticorruption, illicit drug trafficking, money laundering and financial crimes, terrorism and human trafficking. The ILEA provides a core curriculum of management and technical instruction for criminal justice managers to develop effective law enforcement cooperation while enhancing each country's criminal justice institutions abilities to suppress transnational crime.

The bilateral agreements creating ILEA operations also establish a Joint Oversight Committee chaired by the U.S. Embassy and host government officials to oversee the policies and operation of the Academy. The Joint Committee meets at least twice a year and operates by consensus of the parties.

The Inner London Education Authority (ILEA) was an ad hoc local education authority for the City of London and the 12 Inner London boroughs from 1965 until its abolition in 1990. The authority was reconstituted as a directly elected body corporate on 1 April 1986.

The Indiana Law Enforcement Academy (ILEA) is a law enforcement training academy located in Plainfield, Indiana. The governing body of the academy is the 17-member Law Enforcement Training Board who are appointed by the governor. The board sets the requirements and criteria for the basic training of law enforcement officers throughout the state, which became mandatory on July 6, 1972. The academy offers basic training for new police officers, jail officers, and town marshals. It also offers in-service training for police officers and executive training for police chiefs.

The basic training course for new police officers consists of over 600 hours of training. Major areas of instruction include criminal and traffic law, firearms, emergency vehicle operations, physical tactics, EMS awareness and human behavior. Officers are also required to study other police related subjects such as accident investigation, criminal investigation, domestic violence and sexual assault, water rescue training, Standardized Field Sobriety Test, crime prevention and drug and narcotics.

In addition to the main training academy in Plainfield, six satellite facilities are certified by the board to offer training courses throughout the state:

INFO: Full form for ILEA is Institute for Law Enforcement Administration in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for ILEA is Iowa Law Enforcement Academy in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for HVJ is Homeless Voices for Justice in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for FHO is Failed HandOver in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for FHO is Fremde Heere Ost (Foreign Armies East) in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for DNDF is Dimasa National Democratic Front in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for DNDF is Dima National Democratic Front in Governmental category
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The California Academy of Appellate Lawyers is a statewide organization of experienced appellate practitioners. It strives to improve appellate practice in the nation's largest court system.

CAAL was launched in 1972 by Edward L. Lascher, and Gideon Kanner who became its first president. Some of the earliest members included Cyril Viadro, Paul Selvin, Hillel Chodos, Raoul D. Kennedy and Ellis J. Horvitz. CAAL is the largest and oldest organization in America devoted to appellate practice.

Academy members are very frequently counsel of record in the most complex and highest-impact cases before the California Court of Appeal and Supreme Court.

The Academy provides a forum, at its three annual meetings, for justices and practitioners to learn from each other. It files amicus curiae briefs in the California Supreme Court and appellate courts, in cases involving important issues of appellate practice. And it promotes reforms in appellate procedure designed to ensure effective representation of appellate litigants and more efficient administration of justice at the appellate level.

The Academy offers members powerful resources for improving appellate law practice. These include: specialized education aimed far above the basic or intermediate levels available through most other sources, access to the collective experience of fellow members to help solve challenging practice questions; and timely opportunities to influence, or originate, proposed changes to statewide appellate procedure. Members also provide each other insight on the districts they practice in most often. Members are expected to share their time, skills and experience to advance the Academy’s mission.

CAAL's admission policy focuses on the quality of applicants’ contributions to appellate law and commitment to effective appellate practice, without regard to substantive practice area or any “side” of any issue. CAAL’s membership includes appellate attorneys from private, public, and corporate practice, as well as from academia.

INFO: Full form for GECP is Global Energy and Climate Policy in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for GECP is Global Environmental Change and Policy in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for GECP is Global Environmental Change Program in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for IIES is International Institute for Environmental Studies in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for IIES is Integrated International for Environmental Services in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for CETI is Clean Energy Technologis Incorporated in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for ESTP is Environmental Safety Training Professionals in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for ESTP is Energy Science Technology and Policy in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for PNDD is Patrol Narcotic Detection Dog in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for PNDD is Planning for Natural Disaster Debris in Governmental category
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The British Institute for the Study of Iraq (BISI) (formerly the British School of Archaeology in Iraq) is the only body in Britain devoted to research into the ancient civilizations and languages of Mesopotamia. It was founded in 1932 and its aims are to support and undertake research into the archaeology (and cognate subjects) of Iraq and the neighbouring countries from the earliest times to c. AD 1700, and to promote the cultural heritage of Iraq. Since 1934, the School has published a refereed journal, Iraq, which is now published annually, in November/December of each year.

It is a registered charity and has its headquarters in the office of the British Academy at Carlton House Terrace in London.

INFO: Full form for EACA is Energy Awareness and Conservation Assessment in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for VVK is Vabariigi ValimisKomisjon in Governmental category
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The Tennessee Democratic Party (TNDP) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in Tennessee, founded in 1826. TDP traces its roots to President Andrew Jackson's populist philosophy that government should belong to the "common man".

In the 1960s, the party turned away from its post-Civil War support of the Jim Crow system and toward civil rights for all. The party believes that government should be run by and for citizens of every race, age, gender, religion, and condition.

INFO: Full form for RATCC is Radar Air Traffic Control Center in Governmental category
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The surgeon general of the United States is the operational head of the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (PHSCC) and thus the leading spokesperson on matters of public health in the federal government of the United States. The Surgeon General's office and staff are known as the Office of the Surgeon General (OSG) which is housed within the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health.

The U.S. surgeon general is nominated by the president of the United States and confirmed by the Senate. The surgeon general must be appointed from individuals who are members of the regular corps of the U.S. Public Health Service, and have specialized training or significant experience in public health programs. However, there is no time requirement for membership in the Public Health Service before holding the office of Surgeon General, and nominees traditionally were appointed as members of the Public Health Service and as Surgeon General at the same time. The surgeon general serves a four-year term of office and, depending on whether the current assistant secretary for health is a commissioned corps officer, is either the senior or next most senior uniformed officer of the commissioned corps, holding the rank of a vice admiral. The current surgeon general is Vice Admiral Vivek Murthy.

INFO: Full form for OTSG is Office of the Surgeon General, Army in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for OTSG is Office of Tribal Self Governance in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for JIO is Joint Implementation Opportunities in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for JIO is Joint Interrogation Operations in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for IGCI is Industrial Gas Cleaning Institute in Governmental category
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The Former Uganda National Army (abbreviated as FUNA) was a Ugandan rebel group active during the Ugandan Bush War and the subsequent insurgencies in the country. The group claimed to be a continuation of the Uganda Army under Idi Amin and was made up mostly of Amin loyalists. It came to be led by General Isaac Lumago and Brigadier Amin Onzi. The group was mainly active in Northern Uganda as well as Zaire and Sudan, where they operated rear bases and acquired weapons and equipment.

Initially, the group fought against the government of Milton Obote until 1985, when military officer Tito Okello launched a coup and ousted Obote's government. From then until the ascension of Yoweri Museveni as president in 1986, the FUNA supported Okello's government against the rebelling National Resistance Movement. After Museveni took power, FUNA once again became a rebel movement. FUNA disbanded in the late 1990s and many of its fighters joined the UNRF II and the West Nile Bank Front.

INFO: Full form for ILDS is Inner Layer Defence System in Governmental category
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