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The Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC) was an Australian government department that existed between January 2007 and September 2013, that was preceded by the Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs and was succeeded by the Department of Immigration and Border Protection.

INFO: Full form for DIAC is Delaware Information and Analysis Center in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for RMW is Really Mad Woman in Governmental category
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The Regional Municipality of Waterloo (Waterloo Region or Region of Waterloo) is a metropolitan area of Southern Ontario, Canada. It contains the cities of Cambridge, Kitchener and Waterloo (KWC or Tri-Cities), and the townships of North Dumfries, Wellesley, Wilmot and Woolwich. Kitchener, the largest city, is the seat of government.

The region is 1,369 square kilometres (529 sq mi) in area. The population was 535,154 at the 2016 census, growing to an estimated 617,870 in 2019. In 2016, the Cambridge, Kitchener, Waterloo area was rated Canada's third-best area to find full-time employment.

The region was formerly called Waterloo County, created in 1853 and dissolved in 1973. The county consisted of five townships: Woolwich, Wellesley, Wilmot, Waterloo, and North Dumfries.

INFO: Full form for NERF is National Entity Response Force in Governmental category
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow. This technique relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled. When an area of the brain is in use, blood flow to that region also increases.

The primary form of fMRI uses the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) contrast, discovered by Seiji Ogawa in 1990. This is a type of specialized brain and body scan used to map neural activity in the brain or spinal cord of humans or other animals by imaging the change in blood flow (hemodynamic response) related to energy use by brain cells. Since the early 1990s, fMRI has come to dominate brain mapping research because it does not require people to undergo injections or surgery, to ingest substances, or to be exposed to ionizing radiation. This measure is frequently corrupted by noise from various sources; hence, statistical procedures are used to extract the underlying signal. The resulting brain activation can be graphically represented by color-coding the strength of activation across the brain or the specific region studied. The technique can localize activity to within millimeters but, using standard techniques, no better than within a window of a few seconds. Other methods of obtaining contrast are arterial spin labeling and diffusion MRI. The latter procedure is similar to BOLD fMRI but provides contrast based on the magnitude of diffusion of water molecules in the brain.

In addition to detecting BOLD responses from activity due to tasks/stimuli, fMRI can measure resting state fMRI, or taskless fMRI, which shows the subjects' baseline BOLD variance. Since about 1998 studies have shown the existence and properties of the default mode network (DMN), aka 'Resting State Network' (RSN), a functionally connected neural network of apparent 'brain states'.

fMRI is used in research, and to a lesser extent, in clinical work. It can complement other measures of brain physiology such as EEG and NIRS. Newer methods which improve both spatial and time resolution are being researched, and these largely use biomarkers other than the BOLD signal. Some companies have developed commercial products such as lie detectors based on fMRI techniques, but the research is not believed to be developed enough for widespread commercialization.

INFO: Full form for PDK is Partia Demokratike e Kosovës in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for PDK is پارتی دیموکراتی کوردستان in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for PDK is Partiya Democratic Kurdistan (Kurdistan Democratic Party) in Governmental category
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The Party of Democratic Kampuchea was a political party in Cambodia, formed as a continuation of the Communist Party of Kampuchea in December 1981. In the mid-1980s, it publicly claimed that its ideology was "a new form of democratic socialism", having ostensibly renounced Marxism–Leninism.

The Demochristian Party of Albania (Albanian: Partia Demokristiane e Shqipërisë, PDK) is a small Christian democratic political party in Albania.

The European Law Students' Association (ELSA) is an international, independent, non-political, non-profit, non-governmental organisation run by and for law students. ELSA-activities comprise a large variety of academic and professional events that are organised to fulfill the stated vision of ELSA.

INFO: Full form for ELSA is Ethical Legal and Social Aspects in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for DET is Detroit Amtrak Station in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for DET is Directed Enforcement Team in Governmental category
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The Fleet Landing Exercises, or FLEX were amphibious landing exercises conducted by the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps between 1935 and 1941. The purpose of these exercises was to formulate a workable amphibious warfare doctrine. The development of the necessary craft and other equipment, and the proper tactical deployment of them were also results. Finally, the exercises demonstrated the usefulness of a standing body of Marines, the Fleet Marine Force, specially prepared for amphibious expeditions.

INFO: Full form for RIL is Reduced Impact Logging in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for RIL is Recoverable Item(s) List(s) in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for RIL is Repairable Item List in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for SEAL is South East Alliance of Landlords in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for SEAL is SEa -Air-Land Combat Team in Governmental category
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The Transit system, also known as NAVSAT or NNSS (for Navy Navigation Satellite System), was the first satellite navigation system to be used operationally. The radio navigation system was primarily used by the U.S. Navy to provide accurate location information to its Polaris ballistic missile submarines, and it was also used as a navigation system by the Navy's surface ships, as well as for hydrographic survey and geodetic surveying. Transit provided continuous navigation satellite service from 1964, initially for Polaris submarines and later for civilian use as well. In the Project DAMP Program, the missile tracking ship USAS American Mariner also used data from the satellite for precise ship's location information prior to positioning its tracking radars.

INFO: Full form for SHARAD is Shallow Subsurface Radar in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for RSET is Required Safe Egress Time in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for PGSC is Pacific Geospatial and Surveying Council in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for PGSC is Physics Graduate Student Council in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for PGSC is Pacific Geospatial and Surveyors Council in Governmental category
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The Diane and Guilford Glazer Institute of Jewish Studies, formerly the Institute of Jewish Studies, is a center devoted to Judaic studies in Nanjing, China. It is associated with the Department of Religious Studies of Nanjing University.

The institute was founded in May 1992, a few months after the establishment of diplomatic relations between Israel and the People's Republic of China in January of that year. It offers courses in Jewish studies which now enroll over 200 students each year, has published a one-volume Chinese version of the Encyclopaedia Judaica, and other publications. It has now established both masters and Ph.D. program in Jewish studies, the only Chinese institution to do so. It held an International Seminar on Holocaust and Genocide in World War II on August 7–12, 2005, in Nanjing.

It was given its present name after the construction of a quarters for it from the Diane and Guilford Glazer Foundation in a new building at the University in 2006. It is planned that it will become part of a larger Nanjing University–Johns Hopkins University Institute for International Research.

The director is Professor Xu Xin.

INFO: Full form for IJS is Institute for Jewish Spirituality in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for SJW is Social Justice Weeaboo in Governmental category
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Social justice warrior (SJW) is a pejorative term used for an individual who promotes socially progressive, left-wing and liberal views, including feminism, civil rights, gay and transgender rights, identity politics and multiculturalism. The accusation that somebody is an SJW carries implications that they are pursuing personal validation rather than any deep-seated conviction, and engaging in disingenuous arguments.

The phrase originated in the late 20th century as a neutral or positive term for people engaged in social justice activism. In 2011, when the term first appeared on Twitter, it changed from a primarily positive term to an overwhelmingly negative one. During the Gamergate controversy, the term was adopted by what would become the alt-right, and the negative connotations gained increased usage which overshadowed its origins.

Social justice warrior (SJW) is a pejorative term used for an individual who promotes socially progressive, left-wing and liberal views, including feminism, civil rights, gay and transgender rights, identity politics and multiculturalism. The accusation that somebody is an SJW carries implications that they are pursuing personal validation rather than any deep-seated conviction, and engaging in disingenuous arguments.

The phrase originated in the late 20th century as a neutral or positive term for people engaged in social justice activism. In 2011, when the term first appeared on Twitter, it changed from a primarily positive term to an overwhelmingly negative one. During the Gamergate controversy, the term was adopted by what would become the alt-right, and the negative connotations gained increased usage which overshadowed its origins.

INFO: Full form for DVC is Department of Vehicular Control in Governmental category
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The Peterson Institute for International Economics (PIIE), previously known as the Institute for International Economics (IIE), is an American think tank based in Washington, D.C. It was founded by C. Fred Bergsten in 1981 and is currently led by Adam S. Posen. The institute conducts research, provides policy recommendations, and publishes books and articles on a wide range of topics related to the US economy and international economics.

According to the 2015 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report (Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program, University of Pennsylvania), PIIE was number 20 (of 150) in the "Top Think Tanks Worldwide" and number 13 (of 60) in the "Top Think Tanks in the United States".

The Institute of International Education (IIE) is a 501(c) organization which focuses on International Student Exchange and Aid, Foreign Affairs, and International Peace and Security. IIE creates programs of study and training for students, educators and professionals from various sectors. The organization says its mission is to "build more peaceful and equitable societies by advancing scholarship, building economies and promoting access to opportunity".

INFO: Full form for IIE is Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for MITC is Mapua Institute of Technology Center in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for ET AL is And Others in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for RX is Royal Exclusive in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for IQ is Integrity Quotient in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for IQ is Information Qualification in Governmental category
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