Explore topic-wise fullforms in Maharatna Central Public Sector Enterprise

GAIL (India) Limited (formerly known as Gas Authority of India Ltd.) is a government owned natural gas corporation responsible for natural gas processing and distribution in India headquartered in GAIL Bhawan New Delhi, India. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas , Government of India . It has the following business segments: natural gas, liquid hydrocarbon, liquefied petroleum gas transmission, petrochemical, city gas distribution, Renewable Energy including Solar & Wind, exploration and production, Petrochemicals, GAILTEL and electricity generation. GAIL was conferred with the Maharatna status on 1 Feb 2013, by the Government of India. Only 10 other Public Sector Enterprises (PSEs) enjoy this coveted status amongst all central CPSEs. GAIL (India) Limited, the country’s Natural Gas leader, has figured in the Forbes list of World’s Best Employers 2020. Only 31 Indian companies in the list featuring 750 companies from 45 countries, with just nine Indian Public Sector Entities making the cut. It is ranked 5th among Indian PSEs. GAIL is listed in 45th position among INDIA 100 2021 RANKING of most valuable and strongest Indian brands. It is ranked 6th among Indian PSUs.

GAIL, the Largest Natural Gas Company of India, owns and operates a network of around 13,722 km of natural gas pipeline and currently executing around 6,000 km of pipeline projects of its own and about 2,000 km through two JVs, as part of the National Gas Grid. PNGRB has authorized your Company to execute a 1,755 km long Mumbai-Nagpur-Jharsuguda Pipeline.

NTPC Limited, formerly known as National Thermal Power Corporation Limited, is an Indian statutory corporation. It engaged in generation of electricity and allied activities. It is a statutory corporation incorporated under the Companies Act 1956 and is under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Power, Government of India. The headquarters of the company is situated at New Delhi. NTPC's core function is the generation and distribution of electricity to State Electricity Boards in India. The body also undertakes consultancy and turnkey project contracts that involve engineering, project management, construction management, and operation and management of power plants.

The body has also ventured into oil and gas exploration and coal mining activities. It is the largest power company in India with an electric power generating capacity of 62,086 MW . Although the company has approx. 16% of the total national capacity, it contributes to over 25% of total power generation due to its focus on operating its power plants at higher efficiency levels (approx. 80.2% against the national PLF rate of 64.5%).NTPC currently produces 25 billion units of electricity per month.

NTPC currently operates 55 power stations (24 Coal, 7 combined cycle gas/liquid fuel, 2 Hydro, 1 Wind, and 11 solar projects). Further, it has 9 coal and 1 gas station, owned by joint ventures or subsidiaries.

It was founded by Government of India in 1975, which now holds 54.74% of its equity shares on 30 June 2016 (after divestment of its stake in 2004, 2010, 2013, 2014, 2016, & 2017)
In May 2010, NTPC was conferred Maharatna status by the Union Government of India, one of the only four companies to be awarded this status. It is ranked 400th in the Forbes Global 2000 for 2016.

Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) is an Indian government owned engineering and manufacturing enterprise based in New Delhi, India. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises, Government of India. Established in 1956, BHEL is India's largest power generation equipment manufacturer.

Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), d/b/a IndianOil, is an Indian government corporation. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government of India headquartered in New Delhi. The government corporation is ranked 212th on the Fortune Global 500 list of the world's biggest corporations as of 2021. It is the largest government owned oil corporation in the country, with a net profit of $6.1 billion for the financial year 2020-21. As of 31 March 2021, Indian Oil's employee strength is 31,648, out of which 17,762 are executives and 13,876 non-executives. Also, total 2,775 women employees comprising 8.77% of the total workforce.

Indian Oil's business interests overlap the entire hydrocarbon value-chain, including refining, pipeline transportation, marketing of petroleum products, exploration and production of crude oil, natural gas and petrochemicals. Indian Oil has ventured into alternative energy and globalisation of downstream operations. It has subsidiaries in Sri Lanka (Lanka IOC), Mauritius (IndianOil (Mauritius) Ltd) and the Middle East (IOC Middle East FZE).

In May 2018, IOCL became India's most profitable government corporation for the second consecutive year, with a record profit of ₹21,346 crores in 2017–18, followed by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, whose profit stood at ₹19,945 crores. In February 2020, the company signed a deal with the Russian oil company Rosneft to buy 140,000 barrels per day of crude in year 2020. By 1 April 2020, IndianOil was in absolute readiness to launch BS-VI (Bharat Stage VI) fuels in all its retail outlets in Telangana and adopt world-class emission norms.

In January 2021, sales were registered at all time high of 410,000 barrels of oil per day till 26 January 2021. Delek, Qatar Petroleum, Saudi Aramco are its largest business partners with Abu Dhabi National Oil Company and National Iranian Oil Company signing deals to deliver high production output at end of 2020.

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) is an Indian government-owned crude oil and natural gas corporation. Its registered office is in New Delhi. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government of India. It is the largest government-owned-oil and gas exploration and production corporation in the country, and produces around 70% of India's crude oil (equivalent to around 57% of the country's total demand) and around 84% of its natural gas. In November 2010, the Government of India conferred the Maharatna status to ONGC.

In a survey by Government of India for fiscal year 2019–20, it was ranked as the largest profit making PSU in India. It is ranked 7th among the Top 250 Global Energy Companies by Platts.

ONGC was founded on 14 August 1956 by Government of India. It is involved in exploring for and exploiting hydrocarbons in 26 sedimentary basins of India, and owns and operates over 11,000 kilometers of pipelines in the country. Its international subsidiary ONGC Videsh currently has projects in 17 countries. ONGC has discovered 7 out of the 8 producing Indian Basins, adding over 7.15 billion tonnes of In-place Oil & Gas volume of hydrocarbons in Indian basins. Against a global decline of production from matured fields, ONGC has maintained production from its brownfields like Mumbai High, with the help of aggressive investments in various IOR (Improved Oil Recovery) and EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) schemes. ONGC has many matured fields with a current recovery factor of 25–33%. Its Reserve Replacement Ratio for between 2005 and 2013, has been more than one. During FY 2012–13, ONGC had to share the highest ever under-recovery of INR 89765.78 billion (an increase of INR 17889.89 million over the previous financial year) towards the under-recoveries of Oil Marketing Companies (IOC, BPCL and HPCL). On 1 November 2017, the Union Cabinet approved ONGC for acquiring majority 51.11% stake in HPCL (Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited). On Jan 30th 2018, Oil & Natural Gas Corporation acquired the entire 51.11% stake of Hindustan Petroleum Corporation.

Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) is a government owned steel producer based in New Delhi, India. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Steel, Government of India with an annual turnover of INR 66,267 Crore (US$9.32 billion) for fiscal year 2018–19. Incorporated on 24 January 1973, SAIL has 64,628 employees (as of 01-Jun-2021). With an annual production of 16.30 million metric tons, SAIL is the 20th largest steel producer in the world and the largest in India. The Hot Metal production capacity of the company will further increase and is expected to reach a level of 50 million tonnes per annum by 2025. Smt Soma Mondal is the current Chairman of SAIL.

SAIL operates and owns five integrated steel plants at Bhilai, Rourkela, Durgapur, Bokaro and Burnpur (Asansol) and three special steel plants at Salem, Durgapur and Bhadravathi. It also owns a Ferro Alloy plant at Chandrapur. As a part of its global ambition, the company is undergoing a massive expansion and modernisation programme involving upgrading and building new facilities with emphasis on state of the art green technology. According to a recent survey, SAIL is one of India's fastest growing Public Sector Units. Besides, it has R&D centre for Iron & Steel (RDCIS), centre for Engineering in Ranchi, Jharkhand.

Coal India Limited (CIL) is an Indian government-owned coal mining and refining corporation. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Coal, Government of India headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It is the largest coal-producing company in the world and a Maharatna public sector undertaking. It is also the fifth largest employer in India with nearly 272,000 employees.

The company contributes around 82% to the total coal production in India. It produced 554.14 million tonnes of raw coal in 2016–17, an increase from its earlier production of 494.24 million tonnes of coal during FY 2014–15 and earned revenues of ₹95,435 crore (US$13 billion) from sale of coal in the same financial year. In April 2011, CIL was conferred the Maharatna status by the Union Government of India, making it one of the seven with that status. As of 14 October 2015, CIL is owned primarily by the Union Government of India which controls its operations through the Ministry of Coal. As of 14 October 2015, CIL's market capitalisation stood at ₹2.11 lakh crore (US$28 billion) making it India's 8th most valuable company.

CIL ranks 8th among the top 20 firms responsible for a third of all global carbon emissions.