Explore topic-wise fullforms in Current Affairs

INFO: Full form for ESL is Electric Science Laboratories in Medical category
ESL also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for ESL is Embedded Systems Laboratory in Medical category
ESL also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DEP is Disability Equality Partnership in Medical category
DEP also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

The British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) is an organisation founded in 1932 for the study of birds in the British Isles. The Duke of Cambridge has been patron since October 2020.

INFO: Full form for BPH is Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy in Medical category
BPH also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

The Boston Psychopathic Hospital, established at 74 Fenwood Road in 1912, was one of the first mental health hospitals in Massachusetts, United States. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. The name was changed to Massachusetts Mental Health Center in the late 1960s. The building at 74 Fenwood Road was closed in 2010 and demolished in 2011. The Massachusetts Mental Health Center continues to operate at 75 Fenwood Road.

INFO: Full form for BPH is Bureau for Public Health in Medical category
BPH also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also called prostate enlargement, is a noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland. Symptoms may include frequent urination, trouble starting to urinate, weak stream, inability to urinate, or loss of bladder control. Complications can include urinary tract infections, bladder stones, and chronic kidney problems.

The cause is unclear. Risk factors include a family history, obesity, type 2 diabetes, not enough exercise, and erectile dysfunction. Medications like pseudoephedrine, anticholinergics, and calcium channel blockers may worsen symptoms. The underlying mechanism involves the prostate pressing on the urethra thereby making it difficult to pass urine out of the bladder. Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and examination after ruling out other possible causes.

Treatment options include lifestyle changes, medications, a number of procedures, and surgery. In those with mild symptoms, weight loss, exercise, and decreasing caffeine intake are recommended, although the quality of the evidence for exercise is low. In those with more significant symptoms, medications may include alpha blockers such as terazosin or 5α-reductase inhibitors such as finasteride. Surgical removal of part of the prostate may be carried out in those who do not improve with other measures. Phytotherapies that have been studied, such as saw palmetto, have not been shown to help.

About 105 million men are affected globally. BPH typically begins after the age of 40. Half of males age 50 and over are affected. After the age of 80 about 90% of males are affected. Although prostate specific antigen levels may be elevated in males with BPH, the condition does not increase the risk of prostate cancer.

INFO: Full form for BPH is Blood Pressure High in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for KPN is Kettering Physician Network in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for BTP is Biotechnology Training Programs in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for BTP is BreakThrough Pain in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for BTL is Bilateral Tubal ligation in Medical category
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BACnet is a communication protocol for Building Automation and Control (BAC) networks that leverage the ASHRAE, ANSI, and ISO 16484-5 standard protocol.

BACnet was designed to allow communication of building automation and control systems for applications such as heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning control (HVAC), lighting control, access control, and fire detection systems and their associated equipment. The BACnet protocol provides mechanisms for computerized building automation devices to exchange information, regardless of the particular building service they perform.

INFO: Full form for BTL is BACnet Testing Laboratory in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CRF is Circulating Recombinant Form in Medical category
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A case report form (or CRF) is a paper or electronic questionnaire specifically used in clinical trial research. The case report form is the tool used by the sponsor of the clinical trial to collect data from each participating patient. All data on each patient participating in a clinical trial are held and/or documented in the CRF, including adverse events.

The sponsor of the clinical trial develops the CRF to collect the specific data they need in order to test their hypotheses or answer their research questions. The size of a CRF can range from a handwritten one-time 'snapshot' of a patient's physical condition to hundreds of pages of electronically captured data obtained over a period of weeks or months. (It can also include required check-up visits months after the patient's treatment has stopped.)

The sponsor is responsible for designing a CRF that accurately represents the protocol of the clinical trial, as well as managing its production, monitoring the data collection and auditing the content of the filled-in CRFs.

Case report forms contain data obtained during the patient's participation in the clinical trial. Before being sent to the sponsor, this data is usually de-identified (not traceable to the patient) by removing the patient's name, medical record number, etc., and giving the patient a unique study number. The supervising Institutional Review Board (IRB) oversees the release of any personally identifiable data to the sponsor.

From the sponsor's point of view, the main logistic goal of a clinical trial is to obtain accurate CRFs. However, because of human and machine error, the data entered in CRFs is rarely completely accurate or entirely readable. To combat these errors monitors are usually hired by the sponsor to audit the CRF to make sure the CRF contains the correct data.

When the study administrators or automated mechanisms process the CRFs that were sent to the sponsor by local researchers, they make a note of queries. Queries are non-sensible or questionable data that must be explained. Examples of data that would lead to a query: a male patient being on female birth control medication or having had an abortion, or a 15-year-old participant having had hip replacement surgery. Each query has to be resolved by the individual attention of a member of each local research team, as well as an individual in the study administration. To ensure quality control, these queries are usually addressed and resolved before the CRF data is included by the sponsor in the final clinical study report. Depending on variables relating to the nature of the study, (e.g., the health of the study population), the effectiveness of the study administrators in resolving these queries can significantly impact the cost of studies.

INFO: Full form for MGR is Marine Genetic Resource in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for MGR is Multiple Genome Rearrangements in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ETD is Eustacian Tube Dysfunction in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ETD is Elevated Temperature Drawn in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ETD is Electron Transfer Dissociation in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ETD is Eustachian Tube Dysfunction in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ETD is Estimated Time of Death in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ETD is Education and Training Department in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for EMX is Emergency Medicine Xperience in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HMV is Hair, Melanin, and Veins in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for EBD is Emotional Behavioral Disorders in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for EBD is Effective Biological Dose in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for EBD is Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for EBD is Emotional or Behavioural Disorder in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for FTe is Foundation Trust equivalent (Equivalent Foundation Trust) in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for EMO is Emergency Medical Optician in Medical category
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