Explore topic-wise fullforms in Current Affairs

INFO: Full form for CLT is Certified Lymphedema Therapist in Medical category
CLT also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CLT is Clinical Laboratory Technician in Medical category
CLT also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CLT is Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroditis in Medical category
CLT also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CNH is Cardiac Natriuretic Hormone in Medical category
CNH also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CNH is County Nursing Home in Medical category
CNH also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CKD is Chronic Kidney Diseases in Medical category
CKD also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CKD is Cyclical Ketogenic Diet in Medical category
CKD also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a type of kidney disease in which there is gradual loss of kidney function over a period of months to years. Initially there are generally no symptoms; later, symptoms may include leg swelling, feeling tired, vomiting, loss of appetite, and confusion. Complications include an increased risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, bone disease, and anemia.

Causes of chronic kidney disease include diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis, and polycystic kidney disease. Risk factors include a family history of chronic kidney disease. Diagnosis is by blood tests to measure the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and a urine test to measure albumin. Ultrasound or kidney biopsy may be performed to determine the underlying cause. Several severity-based staging systems are in use.

Screening at-risk people is recommended. Initial treatments may include medications to lower blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs) are generally first-line agents for blood pressure control, as they slow progression of the kidney disease and the risk of heart disease. Loop diuretics may be used to control edema and, if needed, to further lower blood pressure. NSAIDs should be avoided. Other recommended measures include staying active, and certain dietary changes such as a low-salt diet and the right amount of protein. Treatments for anemia and bone disease may also be required. Severe disease requires hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or a kidney transplant for survival.

Chronic kidney disease affected 753 million people globally in 2016: 417 million females and 336 million males. In 2015 it caused 1.2 million deaths, up from 409,000 in 1990. The causes that contribute to the greatest number of deaths are high blood pressure at 550,000, followed by diabetes at 418,000, and glomerulonephritis at 238,000.

INFO: Full form for CMZ is Ciudad Medical Zamboanga in Medical category
CMZ also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DNZ is Diabetes New Zealand in Medical category
DNZ also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DNU is Det Nye Universitetshospital in Medical category
DNU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DNQ is Directorate of Nursing and Quality in Medical category
DNQ also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DLN is Dental Lifeline Network in Medical category
DLN also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DNH is Do Not Hospitalize in Medical category
DNH also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DNH is Doctor of Natural Health in Medical category
DNH also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DNH is Division of Nursing Homes in Medical category
DNH also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DNV is Nucleus of the Vagus Nerve in Medical category
DNV also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CNL is Clinical Neurobiology Laboratory in Medical category
CNL also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CNL is Crocker Nuclear Laboratory in Medical category
CNL also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CNL is Communications and Networking Laboratory in Medical category
CNL also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CKG is Clinical Knowledge Graph in Medical category
CKG also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CNO is Community Nursing Organisation in Medical category
CNO also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CNO is College of Nurses of Ontario in Medical category
CNO also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CNO is clozapione-N 4-oxide in Medical category
CNO also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CNO is Central Nursing Orientation in Medical category
CNO also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CNO is Caribbean Nurses Organization in Medical category
CNO also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

Nursing management consists of the performance of the leadership functions of governance and decision-making within organizations employing nurses. It includes processes common to all management like planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. It is common for registered nurses to seek additional education to earn a Master of Science in Nursing or Doctor of Nursing Practice to prepare for leadership roles within nursing. Management positions increasingly require candidates to hold an advanced degree in nursing.

INFO: Full form for CHU is Centre Hospitalier Universitaire in Medical category
CHU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

Carbamazepine (CBZ), sold under the trade name Tegretol among others, is an anticonvulsant medication used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and neuropathic pain. It is used as an adjunctive treatment in schizophrenia along with other medications and as a second-line agent in bipolar disorder. Carbamazepine appears to work as well as phenytoin and valproate for focal and generalized seizures. It is not effective for absence or myoclonic seizures.

Common side effects include nausea and drowsiness. Serious side effects may include skin rashes, decreased bone marrow function, suicidal thoughts, or confusion. It should not be used in those with a history of bone marrow problems. Use during pregnancy may cause harm to the baby; however, stopping the medication in pregnant women with seizures is not recommended. Its use during breastfeeding is not recommended. Care should be taken in those with either kidney or liver problems.

Carbamazepine was discovered in 1953 by Swiss chemist Walter Schindler. It was first marketed in 1962. It is available as a generic medication. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In 2018, it was the 204th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.The newer but structurally related drugs, Oxcarbazepine and eslicarbazepine acetate, both show similar interactions, adverse events, and mechanism of action profiles.

INFO: Full form for CNE is Continuing Nursing Education in Medical category
CNE also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CNE is Civilian Not Entitled in Medical category
CNE also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CKR is Central Kentucky Radiology in Medical category
CKR also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CKN is Clinical Knowledge Network in Medical category
CKN also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CKN is Cancer Knowledge Network in Medical category
CKN also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CVU is Carlson Veterinary University in Medical category
CVU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

Clinical trials units (CTU) are specialised biomedical research units which design, centrally coordinate and analyse clinical trials and other studies. Some CTUs specialise in different methodologies, such as randomised controlled trials, cluster randomised trials, surgical trials, and health services research. Some specialise in one disease type, whereas others are generic units. Some CTUs focus on specific phases and types of clinical trials; others conduct all phases and types of trial.

INFO: Full form for CTU is Cancer Treatment Unit in Medical category
CTU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CTU is Clinical Translational Unit in Medical category
CTU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CTU is Clinical Teaching Unit in Medical category
CTU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CTU is Cardiac Thoracic Unit in Medical category
CTU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CTH is Carrie Tingley Hospital in Medical category
CTH also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.