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INFO: Full form for PHI is Penetrating Head Injury in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PHI is Prostate Health Index in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PHI is Patient Health Initiatives in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PEW is Pink Eyes White in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PDT is Perchlorate Discharge Test in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PDT is Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PDT is Population Doubling Time in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PDT is Paradise Dental Technologies in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PDT is Patient-Delivered Therapy in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PDT is Pain Detection Threshold in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PDT is pancreaticoduodenal transplantation in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PDT is Programme Delivery Team in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PDT is Photo Dynamic Therapy in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PMN is PolyMorphoNuclear in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PMN is PolyMorphonuclear Neutrophil in Medical category
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Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea (PND) is an attack of severe shortness of breath and coughing that generally occurs at night. It usually awakens the person from sleep, and may be quite frightening. PND, as well as simple orthopnea, may be relieved by sitting upright at the side of the bed with legs dangling, as symptoms typically occur when the person is recumbent, or lying down.

INFO: Full form for PND is Partial Neck Dissection in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PND is Peripheral Nerve Dysfunction in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PND is Pre-Natal Diagnosis in Medical category
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Post-nasal drip (PND), also known as upper airway cough syndrome (UACS), occurs when excessive mucus is produced by the nasal mucosa. The excess mucus accumulates in the back of the nose, and eventually in the throat once it drips down the back of the throat. It can be caused by rhinitis, sinusitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or by a disorder of swallowing (such as an esophageal motility disorder). Other causes can be allergy, cold, flu, and side effects from medications.

However, some researchers argue that the flow of mucus down the back of the throat from the nasal cavity is a normal physiologic process that occurs in all healthy individuals. Some researchers challenge post-nasal drip as a syndrome and instead view it as a symptom, also taking into account variation across different societies. Furthermore, this rebuttal is reinforced because of the lack of an accepted definition, pathologic tissue changes, and available biochemical tests.

Postpartum depression (PPD), also called postnatal depression, is a type of mood disorder associated with childbirth, which can affect both sexes. Symptoms may include extreme sadness, low energy, anxiety, crying episodes, irritability, and changes in sleeping or eating patterns. Onset is typically between one week and one month following childbirth. PPD can also negatively affect the newborn child.

While the exact cause of PPD is unclear, the cause is believed to be a combination of physical, emotional, genetic, and social factors. These may include factors such as hormonal changes and sleep deprivation. Risk factors include prior episodes of postpartum depression, bipolar disorder, a family history of depression, psychological stress, complications of childbirth, lack of support, or a drug use disorder. Diagnosis is based on a person's symptoms. While most women experience a brief period of worry or unhappiness after delivery, postpartum depression should be suspected when symptoms are severe and last over two weeks.

Among those at risk, providing psychosocial support may be protective in preventing PPD. This may include community support such as food, household chores, mother care, and companionship. Treatment for PPD may include counseling or medications. Types of counseling that have been found to be effective include interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and psychodynamic therapy. Tentative evidence supports the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).

Postpartum depression affects roughly 15% of women after childbirth. Moreover, this mood disorder is estimated to affect 1% to 26% of new fathers. Postpartum psychosis, a more severe form of postpartum mood disorder, occurs in about 1 to 2 per 1,000 women following childbirth. Postpartum psychosis is one of the leading causes of the murder of children less than one year of age, which occurs in about 8 per 100,000 births in the United States.

INFO: Full form for PND is Post-Natal Day in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PND is Purulent Nasal Discharge in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PND is Paraneoplastic Neurologic Disorder in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PND is Personal Neuro Devices in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PND is Paraneoplastic Neurological Disorders in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PND is Paraneoplastic Neurologic Disorders in Medical category
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