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INFO: Full form for HAI is Hepatic Arterial Infusion in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HAI is Healthcare Associated Infections in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HAI is Healthcare Associated Infection in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HAI is Histology Activity Index (Knodell Score) in Medical category
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A hospital-acquired infection, also known as a nosocomial infection (from the Greek nosokomeion, meaning "hospital"), is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or other health care facility. To emphasize both hospital and nonhospital settings, it is sometimes instead called a healthcare–associated infection. Such an infection can be acquired in hospital, nursing home, rehabilitation facility, outpatient clinic, diagnostic laboratory or other clinical settings. Infection is spread to the susceptible patient in the clinical setting by various means. Health care staff also spread infection, in addition to contaminated equipment, bed linens, or air droplets. The infection can originate from the outside environment, another infected patient, staff that may be infected, or in some cases, the source of the infection cannot be determined. In some cases the microorganism originates from the patient's own skin microbiota, becoming opportunistic after surgery or other procedures that compromise the protective skin barrier. Though the patient may have contracted the infection from their own skin, the infection is still considered nosocomial since it develops in the health care setting. An easy way to understand the term is that the infection tends to lack evidence that it was incubating, or present when the patient entered the healthcare setting, thus meaning it was acquired post-admission.

In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated that roughly 1.7 million Healthcare-Associated infections, from all types of microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi combined, cause or contribute to 99,000 deaths each year. In Europe, where hospital surveys have been conducted, the category of gram-negative infections are estimated to account for two-thirds of the 25,000 deaths each year. Nosocomial infections can cause severe pneumonia and infections of the urinary tract, bloodstream and other parts of the body. Many types display antimicrobial resistance, which can complicate treatment.

INFO: Full form for ERG is ElectroRetinoGram in Medical category
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Electroretinography measures the electrical responses of various cell types in the retina, including the photoreceptors (rods and cones), inner retinal cells (bipolar and amacrine cells), and the ganglion cells. Electrodes are placed on the surface of the cornea (DTL silver/nylon fiber string or ERG Jet) or on the skin beneath the eye (Sensor Strips) to measure retinal responses. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) responses are measured with an EOG test with skin-contact electrodes placed near the canthi. During a recording, the patient's eyes are exposed to standardized stimuli and the resulting signal is displayed showing the time course of the signal's amplitude (voltage). Signals are very small, and typically are measured in microvolts or nanovolts. The ERG is composed of electrical potentials contributed by different cell types within the retina, and the stimulus conditions (flash or pattern stimulus, whether a background light is present, and the colors of the stimulus and background) can elicit stronger response from certain components.

If a dim flash ERG is performed on a dark-adapted eye, the response is primarily from the rod system. Flash ERGs performed on a light adapted eye will reflect the activity of the cone system. Sufficiently bright flashes will elicit ERGs containing an a-wave (initial negative deflection) followed by a b-wave (positive deflection). The leading edge of the a-wave is produced by the photoreceptors, while the remainder of the wave is produced by a mixture of cells including photoreceptors, bipolar, amacrine, and Muller cells or Muller glia. The pattern ERG (PERG), evoked by an alternating checkerboard stimulus, primarily reflects activity of retinal ganglion cells.

Ergometrine, also known as ergonovine and sold under the brand names Ergotrate, Ergostat, and Syntometrine among others, is a medication used to cause contractions of the uterus to treat heavy vaginal bleeding after childbirth. It can be used either by mouth, by injection into a muscle, or injection into a vein. It begins working within 15 minutes when taken by mouth and is faster in onset when used by injection. Effects last between 45 and 180 minutes.

Common side effect include high blood pressure, vomiting, seizures, headache, and low blood pressure. Other serious side effects include ergotism. It was originally made from the rye ergot fungus but can also be made from lysergic acid. Ergometrine is regulated because it can be used to make lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).

Ergometrine was discovered in 1932. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the safest and most effective medicines needed in a health system.

Ergosterol (ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol) is a sterol found in cell membranes of fungi and protozoa, serving many of the same functions that cholesterol serves in animal cells. Because many fungi and protozoa cannot survive without ergosterol, the enzymes that synthesize it have become important targets for drug discovery. In human nutrition, ergosterol is a provitamin form of vitamin D2; exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light causes a chemical reaction that produces vitamin D2.

INFO: Full form for ERG is External Reference Group in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ERG is Evidence Review Group in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for DIFT is Drug Information Full Text in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for LOIS is Laboratory Online Information System in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CHCR is Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CHCR is Center for Health Care Rights in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for TINT is Tumor Instructed And Thus in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ECRB is European Cancer Resources Bank in Medical category
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The Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre (ECRC), also known as the Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre and the University of Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, is a center for basic, translational and clinical cancer research located in Edinburgh, Scotland. ECRC constitutes a part of the Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine (IGMM) and is positioned in direct proximity of the Western General Hospital, where most of its clinical activities take place.

INFO: Full form for ECRC is Eastern Connecticut Rehabilitation Centers in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PMDL is Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Law in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PMDL is Photonic Materials and Devices Laboratory in Medical category
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The Center for World Health & Medicine (CWHM) was a not-for-profit drug discovery research center which was established in 2010 by Saint Louis University. The staff consisted entirely of former pharmaceutical industry scientists with diverse skills and experience in advancing new therapies for testing in human clinical trials. Working with investigators at the university and with collaborators from around the world, the Center’s primary mission was to discover and enable clinical development of affordable new medicines for unmet medical needs with an emphasis on orphan diseases, neglected diseases, and diseases of poverty. Collectively, these diseases have enormous socioeconomic consequences, as they disproportionately affect the most vulnerable populations including the poor, infants and children.

INFO: Full form for CWHM is Center for World Health Medicine in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HSPC is Health Services Platform in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HSPC is Hormone Sensitive Prostate Cancer in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HSPC is Health Systems and Projects Consultants in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HSPB is Heat Shock Protein B in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for TTES is Train To End Stroke in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CRCCS is Canine Rehabilitation Center and Cat Sanctuary in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CRCCS is Center for Rehabilitation and Continuing Care Services in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CRCCS is Canine Rehabilitation Center Cat Sanctuary in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HSPA is Health Services and Policy Analysis in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HSPC is Health Services Platform Consortium in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HSPA is Health System Performance Assessment in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HSPC is Healthcare Services Platform Consortium in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for AVIM is Advanced Veterinary Internal Medicine in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for AVIM is Atlantic Veterinary Internal Medicine in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CLDD is Cross Linked Diethylaminoethyl Dextran in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for RMH is Rockingham Memorial Hospital in Medical category
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Ross Memorial Hospital is a health facility in Ferry Road, Dingwall, Scotland. It is managed by NHS Highland. It is a Category B listed building.

INFO: Full form for RMH is Rockingam Memorial Hospital in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for RMH is Ross Memorial Hospital, Lindsay, Ontario in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for RMH is Ransom Memorial Hospital in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for RMH is Rush Memorial Hospital in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for RMH is Roxborough Memorial Hospital in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for RMH is Rockford Memorial Hospital in Medical category
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The Mayo Clinic () is a nonprofit American academic medical center focused on integrated health care, education, and research. It employs over 4,500 physicians and scientists, along with another 58,400 administrative and allied health staff, across three major campuses: Rochester, Minnesota; Jacksonville, Florida; and Phoenix/Scottsdale, Arizona. The practice specializes in treating difficult cases through tertiary care and destination medicine. It is home to the top-15 ranked Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine in addition to many of the highest regarded residency education programs in the United States. It spends over $660 million a year on research and has more than 3,000 full-time research personnel.

William Worrall Mayo settled his family in Rochester in 1864 and opened a sole proprietorship medical practice that evolved under his sons, Will and Charlie Mayo, along with practice partners Drs. Stinchfield, Graham, Plummer, Millet, Judd, and Balfour, into Mayo Clinic. Today, in addition to the hospital at Rochester, Mayo Clinic has major campuses in Arizona and Florida. Most recently, in 2020, the Mayo Clinic bought a facility in central London, UK. The Mayo Clinic Health System also operates affiliated facilities throughout Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Iowa.

Mayo Clinic is ranked first in the United States in U.S. News & World Report's 2019–20 Best Hospitals Honor Roll, maintaining a position at or near the top for more than 27 years. It has been on the list of "100 Best Companies to Work For" published by Fortune magazine for fourteen consecutive years, and has continued to achieve this ranking through 2017. Drawing in patients from around the globe, Mayo Clinic performs near the highest number of transplants in the country, including both solid organ and hematologic transplantation.

The Royal Marsden Hospital (RM) is a specialist cancer treatment hospital in London based in Kensington and Chelsea, next to the Royal Brompton Hospital, in Fulham Road with a second site in Belmont, close to Sutton Hospital, High Down and Downview Prisons. It is managed by the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust.

J.W. Ruby Memorial Hospital, commonly referred to as either Ruby Memorial or Ruby, is the flagship hospital of the West Virginia University Health System, located in Morgantown, West Virginia. A 690-bed tertiary care center, Ruby is also the largest hospital in the health system and serves as the academic medical center of the West Virginia University School of Medicine. .

J.W. Ruby Memorial Hospital is home to several medical institutes, including the WVU Cancer Institute, WVU Critical Care and Trauma Institute, WVU Eye Institute, WVU Heart and Vascular Institute, WVU Medicine Children's, and the WVU Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute.

In 1984, in honor of her late husband, John Wesley Ruby, the late Hazel Ruby McQuain made an $8 million donation toward the construction of the new hospital. The donation, the largest in West Virginia history at the time, saw the hospital bear Mr. Ruby’s name; he remains the hospital’s namesake to this day.

INFO: Full form for ABCS is American Board of Cosmetic Surgery in Medical category
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