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INFO: Full form for IDID is inherited diseases in in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for IDID is Infectious Disease and Immunologic Disorders in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for SMDR is Singapore Medical Device Register in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for SDFA is Sperm DNA Fragmentation Assay in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for RCIT is Radiation and Cancer Immunotherapy Theme in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for STOT is Short Term Oxygen Therapy in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for MSCT is Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for MSCT is Multi-Slice Computed Tomography in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for DCG is DOT Compliance Group in Medical category
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Type 1 diabetes (T1D), previously known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that originates when very little or no insulin is produced by the islets of Langerhans (containing beta cells) in the pancreas. Insulin is a hormone required for the cells to use blood sugar for energy and it helps regulate normal glucose levels in the bloodstream. Before treatment this results in high blood sugar levels in the body. The common symptoms are frequent urination, increased thirst, increased hunger, and weight loss. Additional symptoms may include blurry vision, tiredness, and slow wound healing. Symptoms typically develop over a short period of time, often a matter of weeks.

The cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The underlying mechanism involves an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Recent studies suggest this autoimmune islet destruction is triggered by gut microbiome dysbiosis or by persistent enteroviral infections. Diabetes is diagnosed by testing the level of sugar or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) in the blood. Type 1 diabetes can be distinguished from type 2 by testing for the presence of autoantibodies.

There is no known way to prevent type 1 diabetes. Treatment with insulin is required for survival. Insulin therapy is usually given by injection just under the skin but can also be delivered by an insulin pump. A diabetic diet and exercise are important parts of management. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Complications of relatively rapid onset include diabetic ketoacidosis and nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. Long-term complications include heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, foot ulcers and damage to the eyes. Furthermore, since insulin lowers blood sugar levels, complications may arise from low blood sugar if more insulin is taken than necessary.

Type 1 diabetes makes up an estimated 5–10% of all diabetes cases. The number of people affected globally is unknown, although it is estimated that about 80,000 children develop the disease each year. Within the United States the number of people affected is estimated at one to three million. Rates of disease vary widely, with approximately one new case per 100,000 per year in East Asia and Latin America and around 30 new cases per 100,000 per year in Scandinavia and Kuwait. It typically begins in children and young adults.

INFO: Full form for AFIX is Assessment, Feedback, Incentives and eXchange in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CACT is Center for Advanced Cellular Therapeutics in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for DAME is Diabetes and Antenatal Milk Expressing in Medical category
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The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) is a foundation that takes donations from public, private, philanthropic, and civil society organisations, to finance independent research projects to develop vaccines against emerging infectious diseases (EID).

CEPI is focused on the World Health Organization's (WHO) "blueprint priority diseases", which include: the Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the Nipah virus, the Lassa fever virus, and the Rift Valley fever virus, as well as the Chikungunya virus and the hypothetical, unknown pathogen "Disease X". CEPI investment also requires "equitable access" to the vaccines during outbreaks, although subsequent CEPI policy changes may have compromised this criteria.

CEPI was conceived in 2015 and formally launched in 2017 at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, Switzerland. It was co-founded and co-funded with US$460 million from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Wellcome Trust, and a consortium of nations composed of India, Germany, Japan and Norway, which the European Union (2019) and United Kingdom (2020) subsequently joined. CEPI is headquartered in Oslo, Norway.

INFO: Full form for PADS is People and Dogs Society in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for DAMA is Discharge Against Medical Advice in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for DAMA is Discharged Against Medical Advice in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for TCHA is Tehama County Health Agency in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for BCGD is Breast Cancer Gene Database in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for WSK is Warm Springs Katahdin Ewe in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ATMHS is Attitudes Toward Mental Health Services in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CFH is Center for Family Health in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CFH is Child Family Health in Medical category
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Factor H is a member of the regulators of complement activation family and is a complement control protein. It is a large (155 kilodaltons), soluble glycoprotein that circulates in human plasma (at typical concentrations of 200–300 micrograms per milliliter). Its principal function is to regulate the alternative pathway of the complement system, ensuring that the complement system is directed towards pathogens or other dangerous material and does not damage host tissue. Factor H regulates complement activation on self cells and surfaces by possessing both cofactor activity for the Factor I mediated C3b cleavage, and decay accelerating activity against the alternative pathway C3-convertase, C3bBb. Factor H exerts its protective action on self cells and self surfaces but not on the surfaces of bacteria or viruses. This is thought to be the result of Factor H having the ability to adopt conformations with lower or higher activities as a cofactor for C3 cleavage or decay accelerating activity. The lower activity conformation is the predominant form in solution and is sufficient to control fluid phase amplification. The more active conformation is thought to be induced when Factor H binds to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and or sialic acids that are generally present on host cells but not, normally, on pathogen surfaces ensuring that self surfaces are protected whilst complement proceeds unabated on foreign surfaces.

The NHS Connecting for Health (CFH) agency was part of the UK Department of Health and was formed on 1 April 2005, having replaced the former NHS Information Authority. It was part of the Department of Health Informatics Directorate, with the role to maintain and develop the NHS national IT infrastructure. It adopted the responsibility of delivering the NHS National Programme for IT (NPfIT), an initiative by the Department of Health to move the National Health Service (NHS) in England towards a single, centrally-mandated electronic care record for patients and to connect 30,000 general practitioners to 300 hospitals, providing secure and audited access to these records by authorised health professionals.

On 31 March 2013, NHS Connecting for Health ceased to exist, and some projects and responsibilities were taken over by Health and Social Care Information Centre.

INFO: Full form for CFH is Connecting for Health (NHS Connecting for Health) in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CFH is Council on Family Health in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CFH is Community and Family Health in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for AFIRM is Autism Focused Intervention Resources and Modules in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for AFIRM is Autism Focused Intervention Resources Modules in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for AFIRM is Armed Forces Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for AMON is Association of Maltese Orthopaedic Nurses in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ODSC is One Day Surgery Center in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PCMT is Precision Concepts Medical Technologies in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for PCMT is Prairie College of Massage Therapy in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for STCQ is Stimulant Craving Questionnaire in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for STCR is Society for Translational Cancer Research in Medical category
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Streptococcus is a genus of gram-positive coccus (plural cocci) or spherical bacteria that belongs to the family Streptococcaceae, within the order Lactobacillales (lactic acid bacteria), in the phylum Firmicutes. Cell division in streptococci occurs along a single axis, so as they grow, they tend to form pairs or chains that may appear bent or twisted. This differs from staphylococci, which divide along multiple axes, thereby generating irregular, grape-like clusters of cells. Most streptococci are oxidase-negative and catalase-negative, and many are facultative anaerobes (capable of growth both aerobically and anaerobically).

The term was coined in 1877 by Viennese surgeon Albert Theodor Billroth (1829–1894), by combining the prefix "strepto-" (from Ancient Greek: στρεπτός, romanized: streptós, lit. 'easily twisted, pliant'), together with the suffix "-coccus" (from Modern Latin: coccus, from Ancient Greek: κόκκος, romanized: kókkos, lit. 'grain, seed, berry'.) In 1984, many bacteria formerly grouped in the genus Streptococcus were separated out into the genera Enterococcus and Lactococcus. Currently, over 50 species are recognised in this genus. This genus has been found to be part of the salivary microbiome.

INFO: Full form for FART is Frequency Actuated Rectal Tremor in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for MRFI is Medical and Resource Facilitation Intervention in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for DRH is Division of Reproductive Health in Medical category
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Detroit Receiving Hospital in Detroit, Michigan, is the state's first Level I Trauma Center. Receiving's emergency department treats more than 105,000 patients annually, and nearly 60% of Michigan's emergency physicians are trained at Receiving. Receiving also features the state's largest burn center, Michigan's first hospital-based 24/7 hyperbaric oxygen therapy program, and Metro Detroit's first certified primary stroke center. In addition, the hospital has a comprehensive neurosurgical unit. It is one of the eight hospitals and institutions that comprise the Detroit Medical Center.

Duke Regional Hospital (DRH), located in northern Durham, North Carolina is a general-services hospital that has been part of the Duke University Health System since 1998. The hospital has 369 beds and over 500 physicians on the medical staff, and has a certified Level II Intensive Care Nursery.

INFO: Full form for NBLT is National Botulism Laboratory Team in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for IPQP is Independent Physician Quality Panel in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CODM is College Of Dental Medicine in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CHPI is Concerned Health Professionals of Ireland Concerned Health Professionals of Ireland in Medical category
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The Centre for Health and the Public Interest (CHPI) is a London think tank founded in 2012 to defend "the founding principles of the NHS". It is a registered charity.

Professor Colin Leys was involved in its foundation.

INFO: Full form for CHPI is Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infection in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CHPI is California Healthcare Performance Information in Medical category
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