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The Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) is the naval branch of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF), responsible for the defence of Singapore against sea-borne threats and protection of its sea lines of communications. The service was formally established in 1967 and has since undergone a substantial modernisation.

The RSN conducts operations with the Malaysian and Indonesian navies to combat piracy and terrorist threats in the crowded littoral waters of the straits of Malacca and Singapore. It also jointly operates the Fokker 50 maritime patrol aircraft with its counterparts from the Republic of Singapore Air Force to provide air surveillance of the seaward approaches to Singapore, which is one of the busiest sealanes in the world. The RSN has engaged in international anti-piracy operations further abroad, partaking in the multinational Combined Task Force 151 off the Gulf of Aden.

Though numerically small in comparison to its much larger neighbours in terms of tonnage and manpower reserves, the RSN seeks to maintain a qualitative superiority over any adversary through the implementation of new technologies, fostering of alliances with extra-regional navies, and increased reliance on automation and unmanned assets. Bilateral exercises with foreign navies are held regularly.

All commissioned ships of the RSN have the prefix RSS standing for Republic of Singapore Ship.

INFO: Full form for RSN is Role Specialist Nation in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for JAS is Jagt Attack Spaning in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for JAS is Joint Armed Services in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for IMO is Information Management Officer in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for TIL is Technical Information Library in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for PAW is Passive Area Weapon in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for PAW is Penetration Assault Wing in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for PAW is Plenty of Attack Weapons in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for PAW is Proud and Willing in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for PAW is Photo Analysis Worksheet in Military and Defence category
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A kill switch, also known as an emergency stop (E-stop), emergency off (EMO) and as an emergency power off (EPO), is a safety mechanism used to shut off machinery in an emergency, when it cannot be shut down in the usual manner. Unlike a normal shut-down switch or shut-down procedure, which shuts down all systems in order and turns off the machine without damage, a kill switch is designed and configured to abort the operation as quickly as possible (even if it damages the equipment) and to be operated simply and quickly (so that even a panicked operator with impaired executive functions or a bystander can activate it). Kill switches are usually designed to be noticeable, even to an untrained operator or a bystander.

Most kill switches feature a removable, protective barrier against accidental activation (e.g. a plastic cover that must be lifted or glass that must be broken), known as a mollyguard. Kill switches are features of mechanisms whose normal operation or foreseeable misuse might cause injury or death; industrial designers include kill switches because damage to or the destruction of the machinery is less important than preventing workplace injuries and deaths.

A similar system, usually called a dead man's switch, is a device intended to stop a machine (or activate one) if the human operator becomes incapacitated or leaves the machine unattended, and is a form of fail-safe. They are commonly used in industrial applications (e.g., locomotives, tower cranes, freight elevators) and consumer applications (e.g., lawn mowers, tractors, personal watercraft, outboard motors, snow blowers, motorcycles and snowmobiles). The switch in these cases is held by the user, and turns off the machine if they let go. Some riding lawnmowers have a kill switch in the seat which stops the engine and blade if the operator's weight is no longer on the seat.

INFO: Full form for BRB is Ballistic Re-entry Body in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for GEMB is Ground Electronics Maintenance Building in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for CSAM is Computer Security for Acquisition Managers in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for AHP is Army Heliport in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for AMBL is Air Maneuver Battle Lab in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for AORS is Army Operations Research Symposium in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for AFSB is Army Field Support Brigade in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for AFSB is Air Force Selection Board in Military and Defence category
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An Expeditionary Transfer Dock (ESD), formerly the Mobile Landing Platform (MLP), are designed to be a semi-submersible, flexible, modular platform providing the US Navy with the capability to perform large-scale logistics movements such as the transfer of vehicles and equipment from sea to shore. These ships significantly reduce the dependency on foreign ports and provide support in the absence of port availability. The class also houses a sub-class variant called the Expeditionary Mobile Base (ESB), formerly the Afloat Forward Staging Base (AFSB).

The ESD and ESB (Expeditionary Mobile Base) and are part of a new ship class added in 2015 with an E as a new designator, similar to the L-class amphibious ships, S-class submarines, A-class auxiliaries and more. These three E-class ships were previously listed as seabasing ships in the Naval Vessel Register.

In May 2011, General Dynamics NASSCO received a $744 million contract modification to fully fund the construction of the first two ships of the class, USNS Montford Point (ESD-1) and USNS John Glenn (ESD-2). Additional funding of $115 million for long lead time material and advanced design was awarded in August 2011.

The first ship of the ESD program, USNS Montford Point (ESD-1) was delivered in May 2013, and the second ship, USNS John Glenn (ESD-2), was delivered May 20, 2013.

In 2012, a third MLP, USS Lewis B. Puller (ESB-3), was added to the contract and reconfigured as an Expeditionary Mobile Base (ESB), or formerly known as an MLP Afloat Forward Staging Base (AFSB). All three ships have been delivered to the U.S. Navy.

In September 2015, the Navy decided to redesignate the MLP as the Expeditionary Transfer Dock (ESD) and the AFSB as the Expeditionary Mobile Base (ESB).

The Navy plans to procure six Expeditionary Mobile Bases (ESBs) in total, with a fourth (ESB-6) ordered in FY2018, a fifth (ESB-7) ordered in FY2019, the sixth and final ship, (ESB-8) with an order date yet to be determined.

INFO: Full form for UHB is Ultra- High Bandwidth in Military and Defence category
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Qualifications-Based Selection (QBS) is a procurement process established by the United States Congress as a part of the Brooks Act (Public Law 92-582; see also 40 USC §1101 et seq.) and further developed as a process for public agencies to use for the selection of architectural and engineering services for public construction projects. It is a competitive contract procurement process whereby consulting firms submit qualifications to a procuring entity (owner) who evaluates and selects the most qualified firm, and then negotiates the project scope of work, schedule, budget, and consultant fee.

Crucially, under a QBS procurement, the cost of the work (price) is not considered when making the initial selection of the best or most appropriate provider of the professional services required. Fees for services will be negotiated, however, following selection and before contracting.

Many states in the US have adopted their own versions of the Brooks Act, commonly referred to as "Little Brooks Acts" or "mini-Brooks Acts." For example, Georgia has adopted QBS as appropriate under its state law. Practical application in Georgia state construction procurements has extended the use of QBS into several areas of professional construction services other than architecture, engineering, land surveying, and landscape architecture. These areas have included project and program management, construction management at-risk (CM/GC), design-build, and building commissioning. Other states have adopted varying interpretations.

Public owners have developed policies and procedures for Qualifications-Based Selection to govern procurements in which price is not the determining factor in selection. Price will be taken into consideration under QBS but not for the purposes of the public owner's determination of the most suitable and qualified provider of construction services.

INFO: Full form for AAVS is Aerospace Audio-visual System in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for BASE is Brigade Automated Simulation Exercise in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for YB is Yankee Bravo in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for YB is Yard Bird in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for DFB is Delta Force Barracks in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for HY is High Yield Steel in Military and Defence category
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The Combat Service Identification Badge (CSIB) is a metallic heraldic device worn on the right side of the United States Army's Army Service Uniform that uniquely identifies a soldier's combat service with major U.S. Army formations.

The Croatian Army (Croatian: Hrvatska vojska or HV) and Croatian Ground Army (Croatian: Hrvatska kopnena vojska or HKoV) is the largest and most significant component of the Croatian Armed Forces (CAF).

INFO: Full form for HV is Hunter Vehicle in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for IWB is Inside Waistband Holster in Military and Defence category
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The Black Sea Fleet (Russian: Черноморский Флот, Chernomorsky Flot) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov and the Mediterranean Sea.

The fleet traces its history to its founding by Prince Potemkin on May 13, 1783. The Russian SFSR inherited the fleet in 1918; with the founding of the Soviet Union in 1922 it became part of the Soviet Navy. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 the Russian Federation inherited the Black Sea Fleet and most of its vessels.

The Black Sea Fleet has its official primary headquarters and facilities in the city of Sevastopol (Sevastopol Naval Base). The remainder of the fleet's facilities are based in various locations on the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, including Krasnodar Krai, Rostov Oblast and Crimea. The current commander, Admiral Igor Vladimirovich Osipov, has held his position since May 2019.

INFO: Full form for FV is Functional Validation in Military and Defence category
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INFO: Full form for Fv is Aircraft Speed Correction Factor in Military and Defence category
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