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RPM Package Manager (RPM) (originally Red Hat Package Manager, now a recursive acronym) is a free and open-source package management system. The name RPM refers to .rpm file format and the package manager program itself. RPM was intended primarily for Linux distributions; the file format is the baseline package format of the Linux Standard Base.

Although it was created for use in Red Hat Linux, RPM is now used in many Linux distributions such as Fedora, CentOS, openSUSE, OpenMandriva and Oracle Linux. It has also been ported to some other operating systems, such as Novell NetWare (as of version 6.5 SP3), IBM's AIX (as of version 4), IBM i, and ArcaOS.

An RPM package can contain an arbitrary set of files. Most RPM files are “binary RPMs” (or BRPMs) containing the compiled version of some software. There are also “source RPMs” (or SRPMs) containing the source code used to build a binary package. These have an appropriate tag in the file header that distinguishes them from normal (B)RPMs, causing them to be extracted to /usr/src on installation. SRPMs customarily carry the file extension “.src.rpm” (.spm on file systems limited to 3 extension characters, e.g. old DOS FAT).

INFO: Full form for SIMM is Software for Interactive Musculoskeletal Modeling in Softwares category
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INFO: Full form for SLM is Software License Manager in Softwares category
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A statistical language model is a probability distribution over sequences of words. Given such a sequence, say of length m, it assigns a probability P ( w 1 , … , w m ) {\displaystyle P(w_{1},\ldots ,w_{m})} to the whole sequence.

The language model provides context to distinguish between words and phrases that sound phonetically similar. For example, in American English, the phrases "recognize speech" and "wreck a nice beach" sound similar, but mean different things.

Data sparsity is a major problem in building language models. Most possible word sequences are not observed in training. One solution is to make the assumption that the probability of a word only depends on the previous n words. This is known as an n-gram model or unigram model when n = 1. The unigram model is also known as the bag of words model.

Estimating the relative likelihood of different phrases is useful in many natural language processing applications, especially those that generate text as an output. Language modeling is used in speech recognition, machine translation, part-of-speech tagging, parsing, Optical Character Recognition, handwriting recognition, information retrieval and other applications.

In speech recognition, sounds are matched with word sequences. Ambiguities are easier to resolve when evidence from the language model is integrated with a pronunciation model and an acoustic model.

Language models are used in information retrieval in the query likelihood model. There, a separate language model is associated with each document in a collection. Documents are ranked based on the probability of the query Q in the document's language model M d {\displaystyle M_{d}} : P ( Q ∣ M d ) {\displaystyle P(Q\mid M_{d})} . Commonly, the unigram language model is used for this purpose.

INFO: Full form for RMC is Rational Method Composer in Softwares category
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INFO: Full form for IMSI is International Microcomputer Software Inc in Softwares category
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INFO: Full form for IAM is Index of Array To Matrix in Softwares category
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INFO: Full form for ISS is Intelligent Software Solutions in Softwares category
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INFO: Full form for IMP is Logical Implied (programming) in Softwares category
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INFO: Full form for ISM is Integration Server Management in Softwares category
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INFO: Full form for ISM is Interactive Surface Modeling in Softwares category
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INFO: Full form for DM is Defect Mode in Softwares category
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INFO: Full form for DM is Desktop Manager in Softwares category
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INFO: Full form for DM is Directory Management in Softwares category
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