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Occupational safety and health (OSH), also commonly referred to as occupational health and safety (OHS), occupational health, or occupational safety, is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the safety, health, and welfare of people at occupation. These terms also refer to the goals of this field, so their use in the sense of this article was originally an abbreviation of occupational safety and health program/department etc.

The goal of an occupational safety and health program is to foster a safe and healthy occupational environment. OSH also protects all the general public who may be affected by the occupational environment.

Globally, more than 2.78 million people die as a result of workplace-related accidents or diseases, translating to one death every fifteen seconds. There is an additional 374 million non-fatal work-related injuries annually. It is estimated that the economic burden of occupational-related injury and death is nearly four per cent of the global Gross Domestic Product each year. The human cost of this adversity is enormous.

In common-law jurisdictions, employers have a common law duty, (also called duty of care) to take reasonable care of the safety of their employees. Statute law may, in addition, impose other general duties, introduce specific duties, and create government bodies with powers to regulate occupational safety issues: details of this vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.

INFO: Full form for OPTIS is Overlapped PAM Transmission with Interlocking Spectra in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for RADSL is Rate-Adapting ADSL in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for PLAR is Private Line Auto Ring in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for PNNI is Private Network to Network Interface in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for ODL is Object Definition Language in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for PCIA is Personal Communications Industry Association in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OCD is Out of Cell Delineation (UNI 3.0) in Computer and Networking category
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The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) is an agency of the United States Department of Commerce that serves as the President's principal adviser on telecommunications policies pertaining to the United States' economic and technological advancement and to regulation of the telecommunications industry.

Among its stated goals are:

INFO: Full form for OI is Outline of Investigation in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for ONP is Open Network Provision in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NGOF is Next Generation Optical Fiber in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for OOB is Out of Band in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NTU is Network Terminating Unit in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OET is Office of Engineering and Technology (FCC) in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OPTS is Over-the-Air Programming Teleservice in Computer and Networking category
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In telecommunications, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a type of digital transmission and a method of encoding digital data on multiple carrier frequencies. OFDM has developed into a popular scheme for wideband digital communication, used in applications such as digital television and audio broadcasting, DSL internet access, wireless networks, power line networks, and 4G/5G mobile communications.

OFDM is a frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) scheme that was introduced by Robert W. Chang of Bell Labs in 1966. In OFDM, multiple closely spaced orthogonal subcarrier signals with overlapping spectra are transmitted to carry data in parallel. Demodulation is based on fast Fourier transform algorithms. OFDM was improved by Weinstein and Ebert in 1971 with the introduction of a guard interval, providing better orthogonality in transmission channels affected by multipath propagation. Each subcarrier (signal) is modulated with a conventional modulation scheme (such as quadrature amplitude modulation or phase-shift keying) at a low symbol rate. This maintains total data rates similar to conventional single-carrier modulation schemes in the same bandwidth.

The main advantage of OFDM over single-carrier schemes is its ability to cope with severe channel conditions (for example, attenuation of high frequencies in a long copper wire, narrowband interference and frequency-selective fading due to multipath) without the need for complex equalization filters. Channel equalization is simplified because OFDM may be viewed as using many slowly modulated narrowband signals rather than one rapidly modulated wideband signal. The low symbol rate makes the use of a guard interval between symbols affordable, making it possible to eliminate intersymbol interference (ISI) and use echoes and time-spreading (in analog television visible as ghosting and blurring, respectively) to achieve a diversity gain, i.e. a signal-to-noise ratio improvement. This mechanism also facilitates the design of single frequency networks (SFNs) where several adjacent transmitters send the same signal simultaneously at the same frequency, as the signals from multiple distant transmitters may be re-combined constructively, sparing interference of a traditional single-carrier system.

In coded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (COFDM), forward error correction (convolutional coding) and time/frequency interleaving are applied to the signal being transmitted. This is done to overcome errors in mobile communication channels affected by multipath propagation and Doppler effects. COFDM was introduced by Alard in 1986 for Digital Audio Broadcasting for Eureka Project 147. In practice, OFDM has become used in combination with such coding and interleaving, so that the terms COFDM and OFDM co-apply to common applications.

INFO: Full form for NLD is Non-Linear Distortion in Computer and Networking category
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The technical meaning of maintenance involves functional checks, servicing, repairing or replacing of necessary devices, equipment, machinery, building infrastructure, and supporting utilities in industrial, business, and residential installations. Over time, this has come to include multiple wordings that describe various cost-effective practices to keep equipment operational; these activities occur either before or after a failure.

INFO: Full form for OMT is Overhead Message Train in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NMSI is National Mobile Station Identification in Computer and Networking category
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The Organization of American States (Spanish: Organización de los Estados Americanos, Portuguese: Organização dos Estados Americanos, French: Organisation des États américains, Dutch: Organisatie van Amerikaanse Staten), or the OAS or OEA, is an international organization that was founded on 30 April 1948 for the purposes of solidarity and co-operation among its member states within the Americas. Headquartered in the US capital, Washington, DC, the OAS has 35 members, which are independent states in the Americas. During the Cold War, the United States hoped the OAS would be a bulwark against the spread of communism. Since the 1990s, the organization has focused on election monitoring. The head of the OAS is the Secretary General; the incumbent is Uruguayan Luis Almagro.

Official Journal may refer to the public journal of several nations and other political organizations:

INFO: Full form for OTDR is Optical Time Domain Reflectometer in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OOF is Out of Frame in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NMX is Normas Mexicanas (non-mandatory Mexican standard) in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for PAGODA is Profile Alignment Group on ODA in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for PDE is Position Determining Entity in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OTAFG is OTA Focus Group in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for PACA-E is Enhanced Priority Access and Channel Assignment Supplement Service in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for OpenVoB is Voice over Broadband in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for OTASP is OTA Service Provisioning in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OLC is Open Logical Channel in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for PDE is Primary Designated Engineer (UL) in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OTAPA is Over-the-Air Parameter Administration in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for PAR is Peak to Average Ratio in Computer and Networking category
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The Official Journal of the European Union (the OJEU) is the official gazette of record for the European Union (EU). It is published every working day in all of the official languages of the member states of the EU, except generally Irish. Only legal acts published in the Official Journal are binding.

INFO: Full form for PCSD is Personal Communications Services Description in Computer and Networking category
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An optical line termination (OLT), also called an optical line terminal, is a device which serves as the service provider endpoint of a passive optical network. It provides two main functions:

The diagram below depicts an OLT within a fiber-optic network.

Pixel aspect ratio (often abbreviated PAR) is a mathematical ratio that describes how the width of a pixel in a digital image compares to the height of that pixel.

Most digital imaging systems display an image as a grid of tiny, square pixels. However, some imaging systems, especially those that must be compatible with standard-definition television motion pictures, display an image as a grid of rectangular pixels, in which the pixel width and height are different. Pixel aspect ratio describes this difference.

Use of pixel aspect ratio mostly involves pictures pertaining to standard-definition television and some other exceptional cases. Most other imaging systems, including those that comply with SMPTE standards and practices, use square pixels.

INFO: Full form for PEAQ is Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality (ITU-R rec. BS.1387) in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for PCSC is Personal Communications Switching Center in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for PDAM is Proposed Draft Amendment in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OTAR is Over-the-Air Rekeying (APCO Project 25) in Computer and Networking category
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A network service provider (NSP) is a business or organization that sells bandwidth or network access by providing direct Internet backbone access to internet service providers and usually access to its network access points (NAPs). For such a reason, network service providers are sometimes referred to as backbone providers or internet providers.

Network service providers may consist of telecommunications companies, data carriers, wireless communications providers, Internet service providers, and cable television operators offering high-speed Internet access. It can also include certain information technology companies such as IBM, DXC Technology, Vanco and Atos Origin.

INFO: Full form for PEXT is Premises End Crosstalk in Computer and Networking category

INFO: Full form for PINT is PSTN Interworking (IETF) in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for ONE is Other Network Entities (Omega Networks) in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for PIXIT is Profile Initialization for Test Cases in Computer and Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NTR is Network Timing Reference in Computer and Networking category
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