Explore topic-wise fullforms in Electronics

INFO: Full form for BIFET is Bipolar Field-effect Transistor in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for BESOI is Bonded and Etchback Silicon On Insulator in Electronics category
BESOI also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for BIMOS is Bi-polar Metal-oxide Semiconductor in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for BCAD is Business Computer-aided Manufacturing in Electronics category
BCAD also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

Portal is a 2007 puzzle-platform game developed and published by Valve. It was released in a bundle, The Orange Box, for Windows, Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3, and has been since ported to other systems, including Mac OS X, Linux, and Android (via Nvidia Shield).

Portal consists primarily of a series of puzzles that must be solved by teleporting the player's character and simple objects using "the Aperture Science Handheld Portal Device", a device that can create inter-spatial portals between two flat planes. The player-character, Chell, is challenged and taunted by an artificial intelligence named GLaDOS (Genetic Lifeform and Disk Operating System) to complete each puzzle in the Aperture Science Enrichment Center using the portal gun with the promise of receiving cake when all the puzzles are completed. The game's unique physics allows kinetic energy to be retained through portals, requiring creative use of portals to maneuver through the test chambers. This gameplay element is based on a similar concept from the game Narbacular Drop; many of the team members from the DigiPen Institute of Technology who worked on Narbacular Drop were hired by Valve for the creation of Portal, making it a spiritual successor to the game.

Portal was acclaimed as one of the most original games of 2007, despite criticisms of its short duration and limited story. The game received praise for its originality, unique gameplay and dark story with a humorous series of dialogue. GLaDOS, voiced by Ellen McLain in the English-language version, received acclaim for her unique characterization, and the end credits song "Still Alive", written by Jonathan Coulton for the game, was praised for its original composition and humorous twist. Portal is often cited as one of the greatest video games ever made. Excluding Steam download sales, over four million copies of the game have been sold since its release, spawning official merchandise from Valve including plush Companion Cubes, as well as fan recreations of the cake and portal gun. A standalone version, titled Portal: Still Alive, was released on the Xbox Live Arcade service in October 2008, which added 14 puzzles to the gameplay. A sequel, Portal 2, released in 2011, expanded on the storyline, adding several new gameplay mechanics and a cooperative multiplayer mode.

INFO: Full form for BB-ISBD is Based Blocked Inter-sub-band Detector in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for ALGAN is Aluminum Gallium Nitride in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for APTL is Automatic Power Transfer and Load Control in Electronics category
APTL also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for ALIVH is Any Layer Interstitial Via Hole in Electronics category
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INFO: Full form for ARIMA is Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for ASPARC is Ability of Solder Paste To Retain Components in Electronics category
ASPARC also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for ASTTL is Advanced Schottky Transistor-transistor Logic in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for APCFI is Advanced Process Control Framework Initiative in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for APEI is Arkansas Power Electronics International in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for ATT ON is Attenuation On (a Reduction In The Amplitude Level of The Outputted Sound) in Electronics category

ATPG (acronym for both Automatic Test Pattern Generation and Automatic Test Pattern Generator) is an electronic design automation method/technology used to find an input (or test) sequence that, when applied to a digital circuit, enables automatic test equipment to distinguish between the correct circuit behavior and the faulty circuit behavior caused by defects. The generated patterns are used to test semiconductor devices after manufacture, or to assist with determining the cause of failure (failure analysis). The effectiveness of ATPG is measured by the number of modeled defects, or fault models, detectable and by the number of generated patterns. These metrics generally indicate test quality (higher with more fault detections) and test application time (higher with more patterns). ATPG efficiency is another important consideration that is influenced by the fault model under consideration, the type of circuit under test (full scan, synchronous sequential, or asynchronous sequential), the level of abstraction used to represent the circuit under test (gate, register-transfer, switch), and the required test quality.

INFO: Full form for APSEB is Andhra Pradesh State Electricity Board in Electronics category

AVCHD (Advanced Video Coding High Definition) is a file-based format for the digital recording and playback of high-definition video. It is H.264 and Dolby AC-3 packaged into the MPEG transport stream, with a set of constraints designed around the camcorders.

Developed jointly by Sony and Panasonic, the format was introduced in 2006 primarily for use in high definition consumer camcorders. Related specifications include the professional variants AVCCAM and NXCAM.

Favorable comparisons of AVCHD against HDV and XDCAM EX solidified perception of AVCHD as a format acceptable for professional use. Both Panasonic and Sony released the first consumer AVCHD camcorders in spring of 2007. Panasonic released the first AVCHD camcorder aimed at the professional market in 2008, though it was nothing more than the (by then discontinued) FLASH card consumer model rebadged with a different model number.

In 2011 the AVCHD specification was amended to include 1080-line 50-frame/s and 60-frame/s modes (AVCHD Progressive) and stereoscopic video (AVCHD 3D). The new video modes require double the data rate of previous modes.

AVCHD and its logo are trademarks of Sony and Panasonic.

INFO: Full form for 4WH is Four Watt-hour Capacity in Electronics category

A Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm System, abbreviated BNWAS, is an automatic system which sounds an alarm if the watch officer on the bridge of a ship falls asleep, becomes otherwise incapacitated, or is absent for too long a time. The BNWAS is automatically engaged when the ship's autopilot is activated.

The minimum requirement for a BNWAS under International Maritime Organization standards is to have a dormant stage and three alarm stages, except that on a non-passenger vessel, the second stage may be omitted.

Stage 1:When the autopilot is engaged, the bridge officer is required to signal his presence to the BNWAS system every 3 to 12 minutes in response to a flashing light, either by moving an arm in front of a motion sensor, pressing a confirmation button, or directly applying pressure to the BNWAS centre.

Stage 2:When a confirmation signal fails to occur within 15 seconds in Stage 1, an alarm will sound on the bridge, and if there is still no confirmation signal after a further 15 seconds, in the captain's and the first officer's cabins. One of them must then go to the bridge and cancel the alarm.

Stage 3:If neither the captain nor the first officer cancels the alarm within a specified time period (between 90 seconds and 3 minutes depending on the size of the vessel), an alarm will sound in locations where other personnel are usually available.

In addition an emergency call function may be provided, by which bridge personnel can activate a Stage 2 or Stage 3 alarm to call for help.

IMO requirements under the SOLAS resulting from an amendment of June 5, 2009, come into force on the following dates for ships classified by size:

July 2011: new vessels in excess of 150 tonnes

July 2011: all passenger vessels

July 2012: all vessels in excess of 3,000 tonnes

July 2013: all vessels between 500 and 3,000 tonnes

July 2014: all vessels between 150 and 500 tonnes

Specific nations have added further regulations. For example, vessels of the Norwegian coastal fishery are required to activate a speed sensor connected to the vessel's motor or GPS.

Wired and wireless versions are available.

INFO: Full form for CARRI is Computerized Assessment of Relative Risk Impacts in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for ASSMBE is All Solid Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for ATZP is Awakening To Zero Point in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for BHPM is Butler Hybrid Phasing Matrix in Electronics category
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INFO: Full form for ASTARS is Aprs (automatic Position Reporting System) Satellite Tracking and Reporting System in Electronics category
ASTARS also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CAIBE is Chemically-assisted Ion Beam Etching in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for AMRAAM is Advanced Medium Range Air-to-air Missile in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for AIP5 is Apple Iphone 5 in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for AOQL is Average Outgoing Quality Level in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for APCD is Add-on Pollution Control Device in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for ALGAAS is Aluminum Gallium Arsenide in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for APECS is Automated Protocol for Electromagnetic Component Separation in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for APHMEL is Andhrapradesh Heavy Mechanary and Electronics Limited in Electronics category

Applied Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering is an advanced branch of engineering which deals with the application of existing or known scientific knowledge in electronics, instrumentation, measurements and control for any process, practical calibration of instruments, automation of processes etc. It is a combination of [Electronics] and Instrumentation Engineering. This branch is an industry-oriented engineering branch which needs more knowledge and experience in industrial applications to excel in a career. The course has been introduced in many universities across India. Many universities have different variants of courses like Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering, Instrumentation Engineering etc.

Apart from covering core subjects such as Industrial Instrumentation, Measurements, Sensors & Transducers, Process Control, Bio-Medical Instrumentation and Robotics, students deal with software and hardware topics such as Microprocessor and Microcontroller-based instrumentation, VLSI and Embedded System designs, pSPICE, Computer Architecture and organization, Virtual Instrumentation (LabVIEW), Industrial Automation (PLC, SCADA etc.) and computer control of processes. Computer languages such as C and C++ are also part of the curriculum.

INFO: Full form for ADTSEM is Apply/develop Track Specific Equipment Model in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for ADTV is Advanced Definition Television in Electronics category
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Four-wave mixing (FWM) is an intermodulation phenomenon in nonlinear optics, whereby interactions between two or three wavelengths produce two or one new wavelengths. It is similar to the third-order intercept point in electrical systems. Four-wave mixing can be compared to the intermodulation distortion in standard electrical systems. It is a parametric nonlinear process, in that the energy of the incoming photons is conserved. FWM is a phase-sensitive process, in that the efficiency of the process is strongly affected by phase matching conditions.

INFO: Full form for ADV CTRL is Advanced Control in Electronics category

An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material, usually silicon. Large numbers of tiny MOSFETs (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors) integrate into a small chip. This results in circuits that are orders of magnitude smaller, faster, and less expensive than those constructed of discrete electronic components. The IC's mass production capability, reliability, and building-block approach to integrated circuit design has ensured the rapid adoption of standardized ICs in place of designs using discrete transistors. ICs are now used in virtually all electronic equipment and have revolutionized the world of electronics. Computers, mobile phones, and other digital home appliances are now inextricable parts of the structure of modern societies, made possible by the small size and low cost of ICs such as modern computer processors and microcontrollers.

Integrated circuits were made practical by technological advancements in metal–oxide–silicon (MOS) semiconductor device fabrication. Since their origins in the 1960s, the size, speed, and capacity of chips have progressed enormously, driven by technical advances that fit more and more MOS transistors on chips of the same size – a modern chip may have many billions of MOS transistors in an area the size of a human fingernail. These advances, roughly following Moore's law, make computer chips of today possess millions of times the capacity and thousands of times the speed of the computer chips of the early 1970s.

ICs have two main advantages over discrete circuits: cost and performance. Cost is low because the chips, with all their components, are printed as a unit by photolithography rather than being constructed one transistor at a time. Furthermore, packaged ICs use much less material than discrete circuits. Performance is high because the IC's components switch quickly and consume comparatively little power because of their small size and proximity. The main disadvantage of ICs is the high cost to design them and fabricate the required photomasks. This high initial cost means ICs are only commercially viable when high production volumes are anticipated.

INFO: Full form for 0-D is Zero Dimensional in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for 2M is Micro Miniature in Electronics category

INFO: Full form for InGaP is Indium Gallium Phosphide in Electronics category
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INFO: Full form for Li-ION is Lithium-ion (rechargeable Battery) in Electronics category
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INFO: Full form for OFHC is Oxygen-free High-conductivity (copper) in Electronics category
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INFO: Full form for DANF is Decoupled Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy in Electronics category
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INFO: Full form for VXR is Vertex Standard Vhf/uhf Desktop Repeater in Electronics category
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INFO: Full form for XMLL is X-ray Magnetic Linear Loop in Electronics category
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INFO: Full form for APME is Antenna Pointing Mechanism Electronics in Electronics category
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INFO: Full form for Zin is Input Impedance in Electronics category
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INFO: Full form for AAC is All Aluminium Conductor in Electronics category
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