Explore topic-wise fullforms in Maths

INFO: Full form for SA is Short Arc in Maths category
SA also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for SA is Solo Axis in Maths category
SA also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for PAT is Principal Axis Transform in Maths category
PAT also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for RV is Root Value in Maths category
RV also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for RV is Real Variable in Maths category
RV also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

In probability and statistics, a random variable, random quantity, aleatory variable, or stochastic variable is described informally as a variable whose values depend on outcomes of a random phenomenon. The formal mathematical treatment of random variables is a topic in probability theory. In that context, a random variable is understood as a measurable function defined on a probability space that maps from the sample space to the real numbers.

A random variable's possible values might represent the possible outcomes of a yet-to-be-performed experiment, or the possible outcomes of a past experiment whose already-existing value is uncertain (for example, because of imprecise measurements or quantum uncertainty). They may also conceptually represent either the results of an "objectively" random process (such as rolling a die) or the "subjective" randomness that results from incomplete knowledge of a quantity. The meaning of the probabilities assigned to the potential values of a random variable is not part of probability theory itself, but is instead related to philosophical arguments over the interpretation of probability. The mathematics works the same regardless of the particular interpretation in use.

As a function, a random variable is required to be measurable, which allows for probabilities to be assigned to sets of its potential values. It is common that the outcomes depend on some physical variables that are not predictable. For example, when tossing a fair coin, the final outcome of heads or tails depends on the uncertain physical conditions, so the outcome being observed is uncertain. The coin could get caught in a crack in the floor, but such a possibility is excluded from consideration.

The domain of a random variable is called a sample space, defined as the set of possible outcomes of a non-deterministic event. For example, in the event of a coin toss, only two possible outcomes are possible: heads or tails.

A random variable has a probability distribution, which specifies the probability of Borel subsets of its range. Random variables can be discrete, that is, taking any of a specified finite or countable list of values (having a countable range), endowed with a probability mass function that is characteristic of the random variable's probability distribution; or continuous, taking any numerical value in an interval or collection of intervals (having an uncountable range), via a probability density function that is characteristic of the random variable's probability distribution; or a mixture of both.

Two random variables with the same probability distribution can still differ in terms of their associations with, or independence from, other random variables. The realizations of a random variable, that is, the results of randomly choosing values according to the variable's probability distribution function, are called random variates.

Although the idea was originally introduced by Christiaan Huygens, the first person to think systematically in terms of random variables was Pafnuty Chebyshev.

Normal form may refer to:

In formal language theory:

In logic:

In lambda calculus:

INFO: Full form for NF is Normal Finite in Maths category
NF also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for NF is No Filtering in Maths category
NF also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for IE is Independent Expression in Maths category
IE also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for LE is Logically Equivalent in Maths category
LE also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

"Double Blind" is the 23rd episode of the tenth season of the American police procedural drama NCIS, and the 233rd episode overall. It originally aired on CBS in the United States on May 7, 2013. The episode is written by Christopher J. Walid and Steven D. Binder and directed by Dennis Smith, and was seen by 17.56 million viewers.